Chemotherapy

Validation of tumour-negative lymph node size as a novel independent prognostic biomarker in oesophagogastric adenocarcinoma: post hoc analysis of the UK MRC OE05 and ST03 randomised trials.

BACKGROUND: The size of tumour-negative regional lymph nodes (LNnegs) may be associated with the host antitumour immune response in patients with oesophagogastric adenocarcinoma (OGAC). In the OE02 trial, larger LNnegs were independently associated with improved overall survival (OS); however, the prognostic relevance of LNneg size has not been validated in an independent OGAC population. PATIENTS...

Biomarkers of nivolumab benefit in resectable non-small cell lung cancer.

Perioperative nivolumab significantly improved event-free survival (EFS) compared with placebo in patients with resectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in the CheckMate 77T study (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04025879 )1. Here, after randomization, 98 out of 229 patients who received nivolumab and 92 out of 232 patients who received placebo had evaluable biomarkers (41% of randomized patients). Of ...

Habitat-Based Radiomics Model of Pretreatment CT to Predict Pathological Response of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma to Neoadjuvant Chemoimmunotherapy: A Multicenter Prospective Study.

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: Neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy (NCIT) has shown promising efficacy in locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (L...

Development and validation of a computational histology artificial intelligence-powered prognostic biomarker in muscle-invasive bladder cancer.

BACKGROUND: Patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) have heterogeneous outcomes following transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT)...

A clinical-radiomics model based on MRI sub-regions of gluteus maximus for recurrence prediction in high-grade serous ovarian cancer.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the predictive value of MRI sub-regional radiomics of the gluteus maximus for recurrence in high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGS...

Local recurrence in rectal cancer: from detection to structured reporting.

Despite advances in total mesorectal excision and neoadjuvant therapy, locally recurrent rectal cancer remains a clinically important source of pelvic...

Clinical Research on Microecological Landscape for Infection Risk Stratification in Newly Diagnosed Patients with Hematological Conditions.

INTRODUCTION: Infection is a common and potentially fatal complication during the treatment of hematological diseases, particularly in the context of ...

Diethylene glycol dibenzoate an emerging plasticizer disrupts bone formation via MMP3 targeting: Insights from bioinformatics and in vitro validation.

DEGDB, also known as diethylene glycol dibenzoate, is a new eco-conscious plasticizer on the block. However, the environmental and health implications...

Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies as a damage-data-endotype continuum: A roadmap to precision trials and computable biomarkers.

Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM) are heterogeneous immune-mediated diseases characterized by muscle inflammation that coexists with variable t...

Predictive Value of Endoscopy in the Identification of Complete Response After Neoadjuvant Therapy for Rectal Adenocarcinoma.

BACKGROUND: Large-scale evidence on the role of endoscopy alone as the assessment tool to identify complete response after neoadjuvant therapy in loca...

Machine learning-based prediction of postoperative nausea and vomiting after spinal anesthesia: A retrospective observational study.

Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a frequent and serious complication after surgery. PONV also reduces patient satisfaction with surgery und...

Integrative Genomic Analysis Reveals Molecular and Clinical Disparities between Bladder and Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma in K-MASTER Program.

PURPOSE: The clinical outcome of urothelial carcinoma presents significant variability, reflecting its molecular composition, epidemiologic attributes...

A Dynamic Prognostic and Adaptive Treatment Framework for Advanced Biliary Tract Cancer.

BACKGROUND & AIMS: First-line immuno-chemotherapy is standard for advanced biliary tract cancer (BTC), but outcomes vary substantially, necessitating ...

Impact of neoadjuvant chemotherapy on breast tissue density and its correlation with pathologic response: a retrospective artificial intelligence-enhanced radiological study.

OBJECTIVES: This study evaluates the impact of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAT) on breast tissue density and examines the correlation between density ch...

The Clinical outcomes following pencil beam scanning proton therapy for skull base chordoma and chondrosarcoma: a single-institution experience.

BACKGROUND: Chordomas and chondrosarcomas of the skull base are rare, locally aggressive tumors that pose significant therapeutic challenges due to th...

Prediction of Postoperative Vomiting Within 24 Hours Using Machine Learning With Large Language Model-Enhanced Interpretability: Development and Validation Study.

BACKGROUND: Postoperative nausea and vomiting are common complications after anesthesia. However, vomiting represents a clinically distinct and object...

Discovery and development of small-molecule inhibitors targeting cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated protein 4 to enhance cancer immunotherapy and reduce side effects.

The immune system plays crucial role to fight against cancer. Still, cancer cells have evolved mechanisms to evade immune responses, especially throug...

Differential cardiac remodeling: patterns of cardiomyocyte morphometry in multiple patient conditions.

AIMS: Cardiac remodeling drives heart failure (HF), yet microstructural drivers in human tissue remain poorly defined due to the limited resolution of...

Impact of image reconstruction algorithms on histogram analysis of iodine concentration for assessing chemotherapy response in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the impact of image reconstruction algorithms on histogram analysis of iodine concentration (IC) derived from dual-energy CT (DEC...

The use of artificial intelligence to predict postoperative outcomes following percutaneous nephrolithotomy: A systematic review of prognostic modeling studies.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly applied in clinical practice to enhance prediction of postoperative outcomes. This systematic review eval...