Clinical Trials

Integrating Machine Learning-Based Approaches into the Design of ASO Therapies.

Rare diseases impose a significant burden on affected individuals, caregivers, and healthcare systems worldwide. Developing effective therapeutics for these small patient populations presents substantial challenges. Antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) have emerged as a promising therapeutic approach that targets the underlying genetic cause of disease at the RNA level. Several ASOs have gained FDA a...

SDR-Former: A Siamese Dual-Resolution Transformer for liver lesion classification using 3D multi-phase imaging.

Automated classification of liver lesions in multi-phase CT and MR scans is of clinical significance but challenging. This study proposes a novel Siamese Dual-Resolution Transformer (SDR-Former) framework, specifically designed for liver lesion classification in 3D multi-phase CT and MR imaging with varying phase counts. The proposed SDR-Former utilizes a streamlined Siamese Neural Network (SNN) t...

Biomechanical Risk Classification in Repetitive Lifting Using Multi-Sensor Electromyography Data, Revised National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Lifting Equation, and Deep Learning.

Repetitive lifting tasks in occupational settings often result in shoulder injuries, impacting both health and productivity. Accurately assessing the ...

Effect of Artificial Intelligence Helpfulness and Uncertainty on Cognitive Interactions with Pharmacists: Randomized Controlled Trial.

BACKGROUND: Clinical decision support systems leveraging artificial intelligence (AI) are increasingly integrated into health care practices, includin...

Digital Pathology-Based Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Scores and Outcomes in a Randomized Phase III Trial in Men With Nonmetastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer.

PURPOSE: The SPARTAN trial demonstrated that the addition of apalutamide to androgen deprivation therapy improves outcomes among patients with nonmeta...

Transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation combined with robotic-assisted body weight-supported treadmill training enhances motor score and gait recovery in incomplete spinal cord injury: a double-blind randomized controlled clinical trial.

BACKGROUND: Although transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation (tSCS) has been suggested as a safe and feasible intervention for gait rehabilitation, no ...

Exploring Human-AI Dynamics in Enhancing Workplace Health and Safety: A Narrative Review.

BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing occupational health and safety (OHS) by addressing workplace hazards and enhancing employe...

Development of a Preliminary Patient Safety Classification System for Generative AI.

Generative artificial intelligence (AI) technologies have the potential to revolutionise healthcare delivery but require classification and monitoring...

Intestinal Microbiome Modulation of Therapeutic Efficacy of Cancer Immunotherapy.

Bacteria are associated with certain cancers and may induce genetic instability and cancer progression. The gut microbiome modulates the response to c...

Leveraging artificial intelligence to detect ethical concerns in medical research: a case study.

BACKGROUND: Institutional review boards (IRBs) have been criticised for delays in approvals for research proposals due to inadequate or inexperienced ...

Nanobody screening and machine learning guided identification of cross-variant anti-SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing heavy-chain only antibodies.

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) continues to persist, demonstrating the risks posed by emerging infectious diseases to na...

The research progress of biologics in elderly-onset rheumatoid arthritis (EORA).

is a distinct subtype of characterized by heightened treatment challenges due to immune aging and the complexity of comorbidities. This review syste...

Satisfactory Evaluation of Call Service Using AI After Ureteral Stent Insertion: Randomized Controlled Trial.

BACKGROUND: Ureteral stents, such as double-J stents, have become indispensable in urologic procedures but are associated with complications like hema...

Sulfonic acid functionalized β-amyloid peptide aggregation inhibitors and antioxidant agents for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease: Combining machine learning, computational, in vitro and in vivo approaches.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized as a neurodegenerative disorder that is caused by plaque formation by accumulating β-amyloid (Aβ), leading t...

Machine learning validation of the AVAS classification compared to ultrasound mapping in a multicentre study.

The Arteriovenous Access Stage (AVAS) classification simplifies information about suitability of vessels for vascular access (VA). It's been previousl...

Deep learning-based defect detection in film-coated tablets using a convolutional neural network.

Film-coating is a critical step in pharmaceutical manufacturing. Traditional visual inspections for film-coated tablet defect assessment are subjectiv...

Using artificial intelligence to semi-automate trustworthiness assessment of randomized controlled trials: a case study.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are the cornerstone of evidence-based medicine. Unfortunately, not all RCTs are based on...

Physical Color Calibration of Digital Pathology Scanners for Robust Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Cancer Diagnosis.

The potential of artificial intelligence (AI) in digital pathology is limited by technical inconsistencies in the production of whole slide images (WS...

Automatic machine learning accurately predicts the efficacy of immunotherapy for patients with inoperable advanced non-small cell lung cancer using a computed tomography-based radiomics model.

PURPOSE: Patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have varying responses to immunotherapy, but there are no reliable, accepted biomar...

Artificial intelligence and machine learning in veterinary medicine: a regulatory perspective on current initiatives and future prospects.

The US FDA's Center for Veterinary Medicine (CVM) is advancing its leadership in veterinary science by integrating AI and machine learning (ML) into i...