Diabetes

Evaluating prediction of short-term tolerability of five type 2 diabetes drug classes using routine clinical features: UK population-based study.

AIMS: A precision medicine approach in type 2 diabetes (T2D) needs to consider potential treatment risks alongside established benefits for glycaemic and cardiometabolic outcomes. Considering five major T2D drug classes, we aimed to describe variation in short-term discontinuation (a proxy of overall tolerability) by drug and patient routine clinical features and determine whether combining featur...

How early can we detect diabetic retinopathy? A narrative review of imaging tools for structural assessment of the retina.

Despite current screening models, enhanced imaging modalities, and treatment regimens, diabetic retinopathy (DR) remains one of the leading causes of vision loss in working age adults. DR can result in irreversible structural and functional retinal damage, leading to visual impairment and reduced quality of life. Given potentially irreversible photoreceptor damage, diagnosis and treatment at the e...

Diagnostic challenges of carpal tunnel syndrome in patients with congenital thenar hypoplasia: a comprehensive review.

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) is the most common entrapment neuropathy, frequently presenting with pain, numbness, and muscle weakness due to median ne...

Predicting infections with multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) in neurocritical care patients with hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP): development of a novel multivariate prediction model.

Hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) is prevalent in the neuro-intensive care unit (NICU), significantly increasing susceptibility to infections with mul...

Exploring potential diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets for type 2 diabetes mellitus with major depressive disorder through bioinformatics and in vivo experiments.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and Major depressive disorder (MDD) act as risk factors for each other, and the comorbidity of both significantly incr...

Deciphering Shared Gene Signatures and Immune Infiltration Characteristics Between Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Preeclampsia by Integrated Bioinformatics Analysis and Machine Learning.

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and preeclampsia (PE) are common and serious disorders of pregnancy that threaten maternal safety and perinatal ou...

Serum sclerostin as a marker of microvascular and macrovascular complications among children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus.

BACKGROUND: Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus (DM) accelerates atherosclerosis and vascular diseases, leading to micro- and macrovascular complications. ...

Selenium-Enriched Polysaccharides Alleviate Insulin Resistance in HepG2 Cells by Regulating the PI3K/AKT/GLUT4 Signaling Pathway.

Metal ion-rich polysaccharides (CMP) are obtained by biotransformation and chemical synthesis. The physicochemical properties and bioactivity of sele...

Diabetic retinopathy-recommendations for screening and treatment.

Diabetic retinopathy (DR), the prevalence of which continues to rise, is one of the most common causes of vision loss worldwide. Experimental and clin...

Triazolone-Functionalized Magnetic Nanoparticles for Hemoglobin Purification and Proteomics-Driven Biomarker Discovery in Diabetic Blood.

Hemoglobin, particularly glycated hemoglobin, serves as the gold standard for diagnosing diabetes in clinical settings. In this study, a triazolinone ...

Glycemic Index and Appetite Response of Iron-Biofortified Cowpeas ( (l.) Walp.) in Healthy Adults and Its Effects on Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Raw 264.7 Cells.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the glycemic index of conventional and biofortified cowpeas, their effects on healthy individuals' appetite, ...

Impact of type 2 diabetes mellitus on apical periodontitis size, endotoxin levels and bacterial load in root canals with necrotic pulp.

INTRODUCTION: This clinical study was conducted to describe the endodontic microbiological profile of teeth with apical periodontitis in patients with...

Non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy detection using Rosmarus Quagga optimized explainable generative meta learning based deep convolutional neural network model.

PURPOSE: Non-Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy (NPDR) is a complication of diabetes disease where there is damage of the blood vessels in retina but ...

Periodontal disease in adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus: A cross link between continuous glucose monitoring-derived metrics, caspase-3 levels, diabetic nephropathy and subclinical atherosclerosis.

BACKGROUND: Periodontitis can lead to the development of atherosclerotic heart disease.

Deep learning segmentation of periarterial and perivenous capillary-free zones in optical coherence tomography angiography.

SIGNIFICANCE: Automated segmentation of periarterial and perivenous capillary-free zones (CFZs) in optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) can...

Association of Physical Activity from Wearable Devices and Chronic Disease Risk: Insights from the All of Us Research Program.

Physical activity is a modifiable factor influencing chronic disease risk. Previous studies often relied on self-reported activity measures or short-t...

Artificial intelligence versus manual screening for the detection of diabetic retinopathy: a comparative systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Diabetic retinopathy is one of the leading causes of blindness globally, among individuals with diabetes mellitus. Early detection through...

A Lesion-Fusion Neural Network for Multi-View Diabetic Retinopathy Grading.

As the most common complication of diabetes, diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the main causes of irreversible blindness. Automatic DR grading plays...

Multivariate Glucose Forecasting Using Deep Multihead Attention Layers Inside Neural Basis Expansion Networks.

Glucose forecasting is a crucial feature in a closed-loop diabetes management system relying on minimally invasive continuous glucose monitoring (CGM)...

AI-driven personalized nutrition: RAG-based digital health solution for obesity and type 2 diabetes.

Effective management of obesity and type 2 diabetes is a major global public health challenge that requires evidence-based, scalable personalized nutr...