Domestic Violence

Negligible impact of perifissural nodules in an AI-first reader workflow from UK lung screening trial.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of perifissural nodules (PFNs) on radiologist workload within an AI-first reader workflow for lung cancer screening, given that AI cannot morphologically classify benign PFNs measuring ≥ 100 mm3. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One thousand two hundred fifty baseline low-dose CT scans from the UK Lung Screening (UKLS) Trial were analyzed. A commercially available AI softwa...

Nurse Practitioner Students' Perceptions of an Artificial Intelligence Differential Diagnosis Tool: A Pilot Study.

AIM: The aim of this study is to assess nurse practitioner students' perceptions and engagement with Isabel's artificial intelligence (AI) based differential diagnosis tool to support their decision-making skills during their theoretical and clinical placement training. DESIGN: This pilot study used a cross-sectional design. METHODS: Twenty-six nurse practitioner students provided feedback on thei...

Artificial intelligence in cancer screening: a narrative review of current evidence and future directions.

INTRODUCTION: Cancer remains one of the leading causes of death worldwide, with outcomes improving significantly when the disease is detected at an ea...

The Synovial Fingerprint of Ankle Fractures: A Central Role for WNT Pathway Activation in Posttraumatic Ankle Osteoarthritis.

BACKGROUND: Osteoarthritis (OA) of the ankle is a disabling and understudied disease, most commonly emerging posttraumatically after ankle fractures (...

Beyond the conventional: Artificial intelligence in identifying risk factors in sports injuries. A scoping review.

PURPOSE: To map contemporary uses of artificial intelligence (AI) to identify conventional and unconventional risk factors for sports injuries in athl...

The role of artificial intelligence in virtual emergency care: a systematic review.

BACKGROUND: The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into virtual emergency care represents a potentially transformative approach to healthcare...

Digital twin technologies for supporting self-care in adults with diet-related chronic conditions: a systematic review.

BACKGROUND: Diet-related chronic conditions are major contributors to global morbidity and mortality. Effective management of these conditions require...

Deep learning-based segmentation of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: toward accurate and scalable prognostic imaging.

BACKGROUND: Accurate segmentation of aneurysmal cerebral hemorrhages, including subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), intraparenchymal hemorrhage (IPH), and ...

Strengthening Pharmacovigilance in Latin America: Multidisciplinary Insights from Two ISoP Latin American Chapter Symposia.

Pharmacovigilance in Latin America has witnessed notable progress in recent years, marked by advancements in regulatory frameworks, regional cooperati...

Evaluating the accuracy of screening titles and abstracts for progressing to full-text screening by one vs two independent reviewers: part 1 of a meta-research study of rapid review methodological trade-offs.

OBJECTIVES: To determine the accuracy for progressing records to full-text screening using one vs two reviewers to screen title and abstracts in 3 rev...

Prompt engineering enables open-source large language models to match proprietary models in diagnostic accuracy for annotation of radiology reports.

AIM: This study aimed to test whether open-source large language models (LLMs) can match the diagnostic accuracy of proprietary models in annotating t...

Variable Treatment Effects of Cranial Surgery in Pediatric Severe Traumatic Brain Injury.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) in children is associated with poor outcomes, but evidence surrounding the role of oper...

Profiling of hypoxic and extracellular matrix remodeling markers in biofluids and cerebral tissue after traumatic brain injury: expression and signaling crosstalk of HIF-1α, MMP-9/14 and EPHA2.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains a formidable clinical, neuropathological, and forensic challenge, constituting a leading cause of death as well a...

AI-based triage and decision support in mammography and digital tomosynthesis for breast cancer screening: a paired, noninferiority trial.

Artificial intelligence (AI) systems have been demonstrated to improve the accuracy of screening mammograms. Here this prospective, paired, noninferio...

Artificial Intelligence in Type 1 Diabetes Management: A Scoping Review of Randomised Controlled Trials.

BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence is emerging in healthcare systems. In type 1 diabetes, AI-enabled tools are increasingly used to support nutrition...

Cough acoustic analysis using artificial intelligence for COVID-19 detection: A comparative study of patient cohorts from Lima, Peru and Montreal, Canada.

PURPOSE: Digital cough screening for COVID-19 detection shows promise, but population differences in cough acoustics and screening accuracy require in...

[Possibilities for integrating artificial intelligence into the diagnostic process].

BACKGROUND: The changing working conditions in routine radiological reporting require the use of new methods, such as the implementation of artificial...

Telehealth Approaches for Pediatric Otitis Media and Clinical Outcomes: Scoping Review.

BACKGROUND: Otitis media (OM) is a common pediatric infection worldwide. Conventionally, accurate diagnosis depends on in-person pneumatic otoscopy, w...

Prevalence of generative artificial intelligence sexualized image usage by adolescents in the United States.

The prevalence of generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) usage related to sexualized images amongst adolescents is a critical emerging research ar...

Artificial Intelligence-Driven Electrocardiogram Screening for Asymptomatic Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction in the General Population.

BACKGROUND: Asymptomatic left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD) is a well-established precursor of overt heart failure (HF), yet it often remain...