Domestic Violence

Biofilm-mediated infections; novel therapeutic approaches and harnessing artificial intelligence for early detection and treatment of biofilm-associated infections.

A biofilm is a group of bacteria that have self-produced a matrix and are grouped together in a dense population. By resisting the host's immune system's phagocytosis process and attacking with anti-microbial chemicals such as reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, a biofilm enables pathogenic bacteria to evade elimination. One of the major problems in managing chronic injuries is treating wounds c...

Formative Research for the Development and Implementation of a Smartphone Application to Report Breaches to the International Code of Marketing of Breast-Milk Substitutes in Mexico.

Almost 40 years after the adoption of the International Code of Marketing of Breast-Milk Substitutes ('the Code') in Mexico, noncompliance persists. In other countries, smartphone applications for reporting Code noncompliance have proven effective. This study aimed to identify key features for the design of a public health surveillance app to monitor Code breaches and the barriers and facilitators...

GPT for RCTs? Using AI to determine adherence to clinical trial reporting guidelines.

OBJECTIVES: Adherence to established reporting guidelines can improve clinical trial reporting standards, but attempts to improve adherence have produ...

LI-RADS-based hepatocellular carcinoma risk mapping using contrast-enhanced MRI and self-configuring deep learning.

BACKGROUND: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is often diagnosed using gadoxetate disodium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (EOB-MRI). Standardized re...

Effectiveness of machine learning methods in detecting grooming: a systematic meta-analytic review.

This study presents a systematic review (SR) and meta-analysis (MA) on the use of machine learning (ML) methods for detecting online grooming, a form ...

Three-dimensional markerless surface topography approach with convolutional neural networks for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis screening.

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a three-dimensional lateral and torsional deformity of the spine, affecting up to 5% of the population. Tradi...

Readability of Orthopaedic Patient Educational Material: An artificial intelligence application.

BACKGROUND: This study aims to determine the efficacy of the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in rewriting orthopaedic trauma hospital patient educ...

Using Natural Language Processing in the LACE Index Scoring Tool to Predict Unplanned Trauma and Surgical Readmissions in South Africa.

BACKGROUND: Unplanned and potentially avoidable readmission within 30 days post discharge is a major financial burden.

Economics of AI and human task sharing for decision making in screening mammography.

The rising global incidence of breast cancer and the persistent shortage of specialized radiologists have heightened the demand for innovative solutio...

Image classification-driven speech disorder detection using deep learning technique.

Speech disorders affect an individual's ability to generate sounds or utilize the voice appropriately. Neurological, developmental, physical, and trau...

AI integrations with lung cancer screening: Considerations in developing AI in a public health setting.

Lung cancer screening implementation has led to expanded imaging of the chest in older, tobacco-exposed populations. Growing numbers of screening case...

Artificial intelligence for breast cancer screening in mammography (AI-STREAM): preliminary analysis of a prospective multicenter cohort study.

Artificial intelligence (AI) improves the accuracy of mammography screening, but prospective evidence, particularly in a single-read setting, remains ...

Leveraging swin transformer with ensemble of deep learning model for cervical cancer screening using colposcopy images.

Cervical cancer (CC) is the leading cancer, which mainly affects women worldwide. It generally occurs from abnormal cell evolution in the cervix and a...

Utilization of non-invasive ventilation before prehospital emergency anesthesia in trauma - a cohort analysis with machine learning.

BACKGROUND: For preoxygenation, German guidelines consider non-invasive ventilation (NIV) as a possible method in prehospital trauma care in the absen...

Toward a rapid, sensitive, user-friendly, field-deployable artificial intelligence tool for enhancing African swine fever diagnosis and reporting.

OBJECTIVE: African swine fever (ASF) is a lethal and highly contagious transboundary animal disease with the potential for rapid international spread....

Using explainable machine learning to investigate the relationship between childhood maltreatment, positive psychological traits, and CPTSD symptoms.

The functional impairment resulting from CPTSD symptoms is enduring and far-reaching. Existing research has found that CPTSD symptoms are closely ass...

Using Machine Learning to Improve Readmission Risk in Surgical Patients in South Africa.

Unplanned readmission within 30 days is a major challenge both globally and in South Africa. The aim of this study was to develop a machine learning m...

Reporting Quality of AI Intervention in Randomized Controlled Trials in Primary Care: Systematic Review and Meta-Epidemiological Study.

BACKGROUND: The surge in artificial intelligence (AI) interventions in primary care trials lacks a study on reporting quality.

An efficient catalyst screening strategy combining machine learning and causal inference.

Due to the diversity of catalyst synthesis methods, the optimization of catalysts by traditional experimental methods have brought greater challenges....

Validation of a machine learning model for indirect screening of suicidal ideation in the general population.

Suicide is among the leading causes of death worldwide and a concerning public health problem, accounting for over 700,000 registered deaths worldwide...