Emergency Medicine

Variable Treatment Effects of Cranial Surgery in Pediatric Severe Traumatic Brain Injury.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) in children is associated with poor outcomes, but evidence surrounding the role of operative cranial surgery in this patient population is limited. Thus, we sought to evaluate associations between cranial surgery and hospital discharge outcomes among pediatric patients with severe TBI and to identify patient subgroups most likely to be...

Profiling of hypoxic and extracellular matrix remodeling markers in biofluids and cerebral tissue after traumatic brain injury: expression and signaling crosstalk of HIF-1α, MMP-9/14 and EPHA2.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains a formidable clinical, neuropathological, and forensic challenge, constituting a leading cause of death as well a neuroscientific research target worldwide. A deeper understanding of the molecular signatures underlying vascular and extracellular matrix remodeling in TBI seems to be critical both for the development of diagnostic biomarkers in post-mortem neurop...

Animal Research in Pharmacology: A Legacy or a Last Resort?

Pharmacology has benefited greatly from animal research, which has supported drug discovery, safety evaluations, and therapeutic developments. However...

Structuring large language models for chemical health risk reasoning in environmental and occupational exposure.

Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized numerous scientific fields. However, their application in environmental health remains limited, as th...

Feasibility of short-term hospital mask demand forecasting using a backpropagation neural network under data scarcity.

Early-stage infectious disease outbreaks impose acute pressure on hospital supply systems, particularly for essential protective materials such as med...

Enhancing automated fracture detection in paediatric wrist X-rays with paired and unpaired cast suppression methods.

PURPOSE: Casts in follow-up wrist X-rays reduce diagnostic image quality, complicating the assessment of fracture healing. This study developed cast s...

Predicting toxicity and bioactivity of the chemical exposome: a case study for the blood exposome database.

Humans are exposed to thousands of chemicals throughout their life. Many of these chemicals are detected in blood and have been catalogued in the Bloo...

Percutaneous coronary intervention in high bleeding risk patients: a review of contemporary management strategies.

INTRODUCTION: High bleeding risk (HBR) affects over one-third of patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and is associated with e...

Operationalising One Health for epidermal parasitic skin diseases: threshold-triggered mass drug administration and a minimal indicator set.

Epidermal parasitic skin diseases (EPSDs)-including scabies, pediculosis, cutaneous leishmaniasis, tungiasis and cutaneous larva migrans-affect millio...

Utilization and Feasibility of a Wearable Device in Patients With Sedative Effects of Drugs: Protocol for a Prospective Observational Study for the Advanced Respiratory Monitoring Events in Drug Toxicity (ARM-ED) Study.

BACKGROUND: Drug-related deaths worldwide are most commonly attributed to opioids. Opioids and other sedative drugs can cause respiratory depression a...

Creativity as a core competency in medical education: the art of medicine.

As medical education increasingly prioritises standardisation and algorithmic decision-making, the qualities that define the 'art' of medicine-improvi...

Evolution of artificial intelligence at Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires: A retrospective review of experience and lessons learned.

BACKGROUND: Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires (HIBA) has progressively integrated artificial intelligence (AI) technologies into clinical practice ove...

Machine learning prediction of positive urine cultures in an academic pediatric emergency department (ED).

BACKGROUND: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most common pediatric infections, but urine culture, the diagnostic gold standard, requires ...

Reimagining Recovery: How Extended Ambulatory Models and Patient Hotels are Changing the Outpatient Surgical Paradigm.

Ambulatory extended recovery facilities, designed for 1-night stays, provide an alternative care setting for more complex patients and procedures than...

Multi-plane vision transformer for hemorrhage classification using axial and sagittal MRI data.

Identifying brain hemorrhages from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a critical task for healthcare professionals. The diverse nature of MRI acquisi...

DispatchMAS: fusing taxonomy and artificial intelligence agents for emergency medical services.

BACKGROUND: Emergency medical dispatch is a critical, high-stakes process where dispatcher decisions directly impact patient outcomes. While standardi...

A Pilot Study to Evaluate Artificial Intelligence-Driven Early Retrieval of Medical Histories in the Emergency Department.

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To assess the feasibility and acceptability of using ChatGPT to obtain histories of present illnesses directly from patients or careg...

Elucidating the mechanism of plasticizers associated with atherosclerosis through network toxicology, bulk RNA sequencing, and single-cell RNA sequencing analysis.

PURPOSE: This study aims to screen and identify potential atherosclerosis (AS) biomarkers associated with common plasticizer exposure, providing a bas...

Artificial intelligence and toxicology: Knowledge compared with other medical specialties.

Graph Machine Learning Can Estimate Drug Concentrations in Whole Blood from Forensic Screening Results.

LC-HRMS is widely used in forensic toxicology for broad-scope screening. When a newly emerging or rarely encountered compound is tentatively identifie...