Endocrinology

Evaluating and enhancing the performance of large language models in thyroid eye disease through customization and Chain-of-Thought strategies.

Predictive models for the occurrence and lymph node metastasis of papillary thyroid carcinoma with regional risk heterogeneity.

Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common thyroid malignancy, and cervical lymph node metastasis significantly impacts patient prognosis. This study aimed to develop interpretable artificial intelligence models based on transcriptomics to predict PTC occurrence and cervical lymph node metastasis, while exploring the heterogeneity of risk factors across different regions. We obtained 419...

International consensus on adolescent metabolic health: prevention of obesity and type 2 diabetes.

Enhanced diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy: integrating advanced algorithms for automated detection and classification.

AIM: To develop an automated diagnostic system for early detection of diabetic retinopathy (DR) using fundus images by identifying exudates, hemorrhag...

Association between diagnostic history and cancer incidence within 5 years: a real-world observational analysis.

Cancer is associated with many pre-existing health conditions (PHCs), but accurately quantifying these links remains challenging. Although some studie...

Integrating Sperm Microscopy, Environmental Exposures, and Lifestyle Factors for Male Fertility Analysis: Protocol for the Nippon Semen and Environmental Exposure Database (N-SEED) Cross-Sectional Study.

BACKGROUND: Conventional semen analysis does not fully capture male reproductive potential. The sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI) may detect latent ...

Referral uptake after diabetic retinopathy screening with artificial intelligence-assisted care pathways: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is an accurate screening tool for diabetic retinopathy (DR), the leading cause of blindness among working-aged adults. Ho...

Predictive Model for Mild Autonomous Cortisol Secretion in Patients Evaluated in Artificial Intelligence-Driven Adrenal Incidentaloma Clinic.

BACKGROUND: Mild autonomous cortisol secretion (MACS) is present in approximately 20% to 50% of adrenal incidentalomas. These patients do not exhibit ...

Artificial Intelligence in Rare Pediatric Solid Tumor Research and Clinical Care: A Scoping Review.

BACKGROUND: Clinical and research advances for children with solid tumors are limited by their rare nature. Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine l...

Cancer cachexia: A tumor-driven disorder of whole-body homeostasis.

Cancer cachexia is a systemic metabolic syndrome driven by tumor-induced disruption of whole-body homeostasis. Characterized by skeletal muscle atroph...

Diagnostic Accuracy of Ultrasound Radiomics for Cervical Lymph-Node Metastasis in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: Evidence Predominantly From Chinese Cohorts.

Pre-operative identification of cervical lymph-node metastasis (LNM) guides surgical extent in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) but remains imperfect...

Targeted use of large language models for EHR-based computable phenotyping.

OBJECTIVE: Computable phenotypes derived from electronic health records (EHRs) are central to clinical research and quality reporting. Although large ...

A vision-language foundation model improves preoperative diagnosis of follicular thyroid neoplasms using ultrasound images.

Preoperative discrimination between follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) and follicular thyroid adenoma (FTA) remains challenging, as imaging and cytolo...

Region-guided decoupled fusion network for ultrasound-based classification of thyroid nodules with and without Hashimoto's thyroiditis.

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: Differentiating benign from malignant thyroid nodules is particularly challenging in patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis (...

Unveiling varietal specificity in non-destructive grape quality monitoring: Explainable AI and feature selection for sugar and organic acid prediction using NIR spectroscopy.

Sugar and organic acid content are crucial factors determining grape quality. Non-destructive testing of these components aids in accurately determini...

The predictive value of serological markers for successful weaning and 30-day mortality in patients with severe intracerebral hemorrhage.

AIM: This study intends to screen serological indicators related to weaning outcomes and 30-day mortality in severe intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) pat...

Speaking Patient's Language: Assessment of Readability and Fidelity of Artificial Intelligence-Optimized Consent Forms.

INTRODUCTION: Informed consent requires patients to fully comprehend the risks, benefits, and alternatives of an intervention. The American Medical As...

A scale-down mini-bioreactor for the acceleration of data-driven bioprocess optimisation in cell therapy.

Cell therapies have demonstrated great potential for treating a broad range of diseases where conventional treatments have failed. However, long devel...

Current Controversies in Acromegaly Care.

Persistent disease after surgery for acromegaly is common. Expanding medical management options improves long-term biochemical and clinical outcomes, ...

System-level clustering of testosterone-related biomarkers identifies high-risk aging profiles linked to inflammation and renal function.

BACKGROUND: Serum total testosterone (TT) interacts with multiple physiological systems and is implicated in heterogeneous aging processes in men. How...