Gastroenterology

Peptides as integrative modulators for clinical prognosis and targeted therapy in pancreatic cancer.

Pancreatic cancer remains a formidable global health challenge, ranking as the twelfth most common malignancy yet claiming an outsized toll with dismal 5-year survival rates 13.3%, largely due to late-stage diagnosis and limited therapeutic options. This comprehensive review delves into the transformative potential of peptides as innovative biomarkers and prognostic indicators, addressing the crit...

What are the views of cancer care administrators and clinicians in England on the use of a machine learning clinical decision support system (ML-CDSS) to predict patients' risk of hepatic and renal deterioration during chemotherapy? A qualitative study.

OBJECTIVE: To explore administrators' and clinicians' views on the factors that influence their use and adoption of a machine learning clinical decision support system (ML-CDSS) to predict patients' risk of hepatic and renal deterioration during chemotherapy. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: This was a qualitative study that used purposive sampling. 18 participants with administration and clinical background...

Explainable machine learning incorporating CHI3L1 enhances liver fibrosis staging in chronic hepatitis B: The CHILI multicenter study.

BACKGROUND: Identifying significant liver fibrosis (≥F2) is critical for initiating antiviral therapy in chronic hepatitis B (CHB). Chitinase-3-like p...

Diverse image generation with diffusion models and cross class label learning for polyp classification.

Pathologic diagnosis is a critical phase in deciding the optimal treatment procedure for dealing with colorectal cancer (CRC). Colonic polyps, precurs...

Bufalin targets E2F2 to transcriptionally inhibit LINC01410 and suppress Wnt/β-catenin signaling in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Bufalin, a main active monomer component extracted from the Traditional Chinese Medicine toad venom, exhibits potent anti-tumour activity across diver...

Evaluating reasoning models for therapy recommendations in gastrointestinal stromal tumors: expert and LLM-based evaluations of OpenAI o1 and DeepSeek-R1.

PURPOSE: This study aims to evaluate two advanced reasoning LLMs in generating treatment recommendations for real-world gastrointestinal stromal tumor...

Development and validation of an explainable machine learning model for predicting surgical intervention in pediatric intestinal obstruction.

Pediatric intestinal obstruction, a critical acute abdomen condition, carries a risk of intestinal necrosis. Decisions for urgent surgery lack standar...

A Fluorescence Imaging- and Deep Learning-Based Approach for Detecting Hepatitis B Virus Integration into Host Genomes.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection can lead to hepatocellular carcinoma, and HBV integration into the host genome is regularly observed in the liver of...

Assessing the suitability of automated registration and segmentation for dosimetry calculations in SIRT treatment planning.

BACKGROUND: Selective internal radiation therapy (SIRT) increasingly relies on accurate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to computed tomography (CT) r...

DNA methylation biomarkers associated with early gastric cardia carcinogenesis.

Gastric cardia cancer (GCC) is an aggressive malignancy with poor prognosis, underscoring the need for better characterization of molecular alteration...

Predictors of the Efficacy of Focused Ultrasound for Moderate-to-Severe Persistent Allergic Rhinitis: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

BACKGROUND: Focused ultrasound (FUS) has achieved favorable results in the treatment of allergic rhinitis (AR). However, some patients still have poor...

Early Risk Stratification for Mechanical Ventilation in Acute Ischemic Stroke: Development and Validation of a Simplified Clinical Score.

Background and PurposeMechanical ventilation (MV) occurs in a substantial subset of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) hospitalizations and is associated wit...

Prediction Model for Delirium in Patients with Sepsis-Associated Liver Injury: An Interpretable Machine Learning Approach.

BackgroundPatients with sepsis-associated liver injury (SALI) are at marked risk of delirium, a severe complication strongly linked with poor neurolog...

Integrative multi-omics analysis identifies a core ferroptosis signature and validates resveratrol as a novel inducer in pancreatic cancer.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has a dismal prognosis due to treatment resistance and an immunosuppressive, fibrotic microenvironment. Ferrop...

Prognostic Significance and Therapeutic Implications of Migrasome-related genes in Sorafenib Treatment for Primary Liver Cancer.

PURPOSE: This study aimed to reveal the mechanism and prognostic significance of migrasome-related genes (MGs) in primary liver cancer (PLC) treated w...

Integrated single-cell and bulk transcriptomic analyses unveil a necroptosis-related prognostic model and its association with tumor microenvironment remodeling in gastric cancer.

BACKGROUND: Necroptosis has emerged as a critical regulator in tumor progression and therapeutic response, yet its prognostic significance and influen...

The retinol metabolizing enzyme DHRS3 coordinates antigen presentation, endothelial stability, and cholesterol metabolism to suppress hepatocellular carcinoma progression.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a therapeutic challenge due to tumor microenvironment heterogeneity and metabolic reprogramming. DHRS3, a retin...

MRI Habitat Analysis for Preoperative Prediction of Perineural Invasion and Prognostic Stratification in Rectal Cancer.

BACKGROUND: Accurate preoperative assessment of perineural invasion (PNI) remains challenging in rectal cancer. PURPOSE: To develop assessment models ...

Editorial for "MRI Habitat Analysis for Preoperative Prediction of Perineural Invasion and Prognostic Stratification in Rectal Cancer".

Integrating spatial and single-cell transcriptomics via machine learning to characterize efferocytosis in hepatocellular carcinoma prognosis and immunotherapy.

BACKGROUND: The intratumoral heterogeneity and immunosuppressive microenvironment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) significantly limit therapeutic ef...