Gastroenterology

Prediction of clinically relevant drug-induced liver injury from structure using machine learning.

Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is the most common cause of acute liver failure and often responsible for drug withdrawals from the market. Clinical manifestations vary, and toxicity may or may not appear dose-dependent. We present several machine-learning models (decision tree induction, k-nearest neighbor, support vector machines, artificial neural networks) for the prediction of clinically rel...

Human-machine collaboration: bringing artificial intelligence into colonoscopy.

In vitro intestinal epithelium responses to titanium dioxide nanoparticles.

Titanium dioxide (TiO) is enclosed in many consumer products including pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and foods. TiO (E171) is daily ingested as mixed na...

Outcome of kidney function in adults on long-term home parenteral nutrition for chronic intestinal failure.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate kidney function outcome in adults on home parenteral nutrition (HPN) for chronic intestinal failure u...

The hepatotoxic potential of protein kinase inhibitors predicted with Random Forest and Artificial Neural Networks.

Protein kinases (PKs) play a role in many pivotal aspects of cellular function. Dysregulation and mutations of protein kinases are involved in the dev...

Predicting Treatment Response to Image-Guided Therapies Using Machine Learning: An Example for Trans-Arterial Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Intra-arterial therapies are the standard of care for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma who cannot undergo surgical resection. The objective of t...

Development and validation of a deep-learning algorithm for the detection of polyps during colonoscopy.

The detection and removal of precancerous polyps via colonoscopy is the gold standard for the prevention of colon cancer. However, the detection rate ...

Towards a modular decision support system for radiomics: A case study on rectal cancer.

Following the personalized medicine paradigm, there is a growing interest in medical agents capable of predicting the effect of therapies on patients,...

In vitro and in vivo resistance of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG carried by a mixed pineapple (Ananas comosus L. Merril) and jussara (Euterpe edulis Martius) juice to the gastrointestinal tract.

This study evaluated the viability of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) and its in vitro and in vivo resistance to the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) whe...

An Increased Level of Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor in Patients with Pancreatic Cancer.

BACKGROUND Aryl-carbon receptor (AhR), a ligand-activated transcription factor, is best known for its ability to mediate the effects of environmental ...

Detection of gastritis by a deep convolutional neural network from double-contrast upper gastrointestinal barium X-ray radiography.

BACKGROUND: Deep learning has become a new trend of image recognition tasks in the field of medicine. We developed an automated gastritis detection sy...

Automated quantification of reference levels in liver and mediastinal blood pool for the Deauville therapy response classification using FDG-PET/CT in Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphomas.

BACKGROUND: 18F-FDG-PET/CT has become a standard for assessing treatment response in patients with lymphoma. A subjective interpretation of the scan b...

Application of Machine Learning Techniques for Clinical Predictive Modeling: A Cross-Sectional Study on Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in China.

BACKGROUND: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common chronic liver diseases. Machine learning techniques were introduced to ...

[An unusual cause of jaundice].

Hepatic impairment is common during hyperthyroidism. It is most often asymptomatic. Hyperthyroidism revealed by jaundice has been rarely described in ...

Critically Ill Recipients of Weight-Based Fluconazole Meeting Drug-Induced Liver Injury Network Criteria.

Fluconazole-associated liver injury is estimated to occur in <10% of patients; however, effect of weight-based fluconazole dosing on liver injury is ...

Anti-ulcer effect of Gallarhois extract with anti-oxidant activity in an ICR model of ethanol/hydrochloride acid-induced gastric injury.

Gallarhois (GR) is a traditional oriental herbal medicine with various pharmacological effects; however, its effect on gastric ulcer has not been prev...

Fully automated diagnostic system with artificial intelligence using endocytoscopy to identify the presence of histologic inflammation associated with ulcerative colitis (with video).

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: In the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC), an incremental benefit of achieving histologic healing beyond that of endoscopic muc...

Estrous detection by continuous measurements of vaginal temperature and conductivity with supervised machine learning in cattle.

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of estrous detection technique based on continuous measurements of vaginal temperature (VT) and conduct...

HANN: A Hybrid Model for Liver Syndrome Classification by Feature Assortment Optimization.

Early detection of any sort of disease is mandatory for effective medical treatment. Medical diagnosis relies heavily on Data Mining for automated dis...

Artificial neural network algorithm model as powerful tool to predict acute lung injury following to severe acute pancreatitis.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to predict the risk of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) associated with acute lung injury (ALI) by artificial neura...