Gastroenterology

Automatic segmentation of the clinical target volume and organs at risk in the planning CT for rectal cancer using deep dilated convolutional neural networks.

PURPOSE: Delineation of the clinical target volume (CTV) and organs at risk (OARs) is very important for radiotherapy but is time-consuming and prone to inter-observer variation. Here, we proposed a novel deep dilated convolutional neural network (DDCNN)-based method for fast and consistent auto-segmentation of these structures.

Validation of an online risk calculator for the prediction of anastomotic leak after colon cancer surgery and preliminary exploration of artificial intelligence-based analytics.

BACKGROUND: Recently published data support the use of a web-based risk calculator ( www.anastomoticleak.com ) for the prediction of anastomotic leak after colectomy. The aim of this study was to externally validate this calculator on a larger dataset.

Robotic enucleation of benign pancreatic tumors.

Robot-assisted enucleation provides the dual benefits of a minimally-invasive technique and pancreatic parenchymal conservation to selected patients w...

Parenchyma-sparing hepatectomy (PSH) versus non-PSH for bilobar liver metastases of colorectal cancer.

BACKGROUND: Preoperative interventions have increased the resectability of colorectal cancer (CRC) liver metastases. This retrospective study compares...

Hypocalcemia and osteomalacia after bariatric surgery.

INTRODUCTION: Obesity has become a major health problem not only in industrialized societies but also in developing countries. Multiple studies have s...

Real-time differentiation of adenomatous and hyperplastic diminutive colorectal polyps during analysis of unaltered videos of standard colonoscopy using a deep learning model.

BACKGROUND: In general, academic but not community endoscopists have demonstrated adequate endoscopic differentiation accuracy to make the 'resect and...

Deep Learning with Convolutional Neural Network for Differentiation of Liver Masses at Dynamic Contrast-enhanced CT: A Preliminary Study.

Purpose To investigate diagnostic performance by using a deep learning method with a convolutional neural network (CNN) for the differentiation of liv...

Esophagus segmentation in CT via 3D fully convolutional neural network and random walk.

PURPOSE: Precise delineation of organs at risk is a crucial task in radiotherapy treatment planning for delivering high doses to the tumor while spari...

Ontology-based systematical representation and drug class effect analysis of package insert-reported adverse events associated with cardiovascular drugs used in China.

With increased usage of cardiovascular drugs (CVDs) for treating cardiovascular diseases, it is important to analyze CVD-associated adverse events (AE...

Identification of candidate drugs using tensor-decomposition-based unsupervised feature extraction in integrated analysis of gene expression between diseases and DrugMatrix datasets.

Identifying drug target genes in gene expression profiles is not straightforward. Because a drug targets proteins and not mRNAs, the mRNA expression o...

Immunosensor for Pancreatic Cancer Based on Electrospun Nanofibers Coated with Carbon Nanotubes or Gold Nanoparticles.

We report the fabrication of immunosensors based on nanostructured mats of electrospun nanofibers of polyamide 6 and poly(allylamine hydrochloride) co...

A new machine-learning method to prognosticate paraquat poisoned patients by combining coagulation, liver, and kidney indices.

The prognosis of paraquat (PQ) poisoning is highly correlated to plasma PQ concentration, which has been identified as the most important index in PQ ...

Hematological and plasma chemistry values for the African rock python ().

Hematology and plasma biochemistry parameters are useful in the assessment and management of threatened and endangered species. Although reference val...

Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin level is a prognostic factor for survival in rat and human chronic liver diseases.

Chronic liver disease patients often have complications, such as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and acute bacterial infection. Model for end-stage liv...

Generation of safe and therapeutically effective human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived hepatocyte-like cells for regenerative medicine.

Hepatocyte-like cells (HLCs) differentiated from human induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells are expected to be applied for regenerative medicine. In t...

Vitamin D supplementation in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A randomized controlled trial.

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Deficiency of vitamin D may be related to the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The aim of the present stu...

Noninvasive Evaluation of Portal Hypertension Using a Supervised Learning Technique.

Portal hypertension (PHT) is a key event in the evolution of different chronic liver diseases and leads to the morbidity and mortality of patients. Th...

Metabolism, pharmacokinetics, and bioavailability of ZB716, a Steroidal Selective Estrogen Receptor Downregulator (SERD).

ZB716 is a selective estrogen receptor downregulator (SERD) with excellent oral bioavailability and superior efficacy. In this study, we investigate t...

The Liver Toxicity Knowledge Base (LKTB) and drug-induced liver injury (DILI) classification for assessment of human liver injury.

Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is challenging for drug development, clinical practice and regulation. The Liver Toxicity Knowledge Base (LTKB) provi...

Deep Learning-Based Multi-Omics Integration Robustly Predicts Survival in Liver Cancer.

Identifying robust survival subgroups of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) will significantly improve patient care. Currently, endeavor of integrating mu...