Gastroenterology

[Development and validation of an explainable machine learning-based model for predicting mortality risk in polytrauma patients].

Polytrauma is commonly defined as multisystem trauma involving at least two body regions with an Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) score ≥ 3, characterized by complex pathophysiological interactions and extreme clinical heterogeneity. This study retrospectively analyzed data from 171 274 polytrauma patients in the National Trauma Data Bank (NTDB) from 2018 to 2021. Key features were selected using th...

Tissue-Agnostic Cellular Morphometric Biomarkers for Risk-Adapted Management Across Gastrointestinal Precancerous Lesions and Cancers.

While precision oncology increasingly adopts tissue-agnostic paradigms, current strategies remain heavily reliant on molecular alterations, with limited relevance to early-stage cancers and precancerous lesion management. Here we present an unsupervised and interpretable artificial intelligence framework that defines tissue-agnostic cellular morphometric biomarkers (CMBs) capturing conserved tumor...

Clinical evaluation of nnU-Net-based segmentation for enhanced MRCP maximum intensity projection visualization.

PURPOSE: To evaluate whether deep learning-based segmentation can improve visualization and diagnostic interpretation of MR cholangiopancreatography (...

Prediction of Lymph Node Metastasis in Early Gastric Cancer Using Foundation Model Ensembles and Patch-Based Histopathological Interpretation.

PURPOSE: Accurate prediction of lymph node metastasis (LNM) remains challenging in early gastric cancer (EGC), particularly when determining the need ...

Predicting Synchronous Liver Metastasis in Pancreatic Cancer Using CT Radiomics and Clinical Features: A Machine Learning Approach.

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: To address the challenge of preoperative prediction of synchronous liver metastasis (LM) in pancreatic cancer (PC), we devel...

[Rational design and translational applications of hepatitis B virus-like particles].

Hepatitis B virus-like particles (HBV-VLPs), characterized by precise biomimetic topological architecture and favorable biocompatibility, have become ...

Ensuring pragmatic and equitable paths forward for hepatitis B virus infection eradication in Latin America.

INTRODUCTION: Latin America occupies a paradoxical position in hepatitis B virus (HBV) elimination: aggregate prevalence is low, yet the region remain...

An ICD gene set-derived immune contexture signature for colorectal cancer prognosis: integrated single-cell and bulk transcriptomic analysis with external validation.

Immunogenic cell death (ICD) links tumor cell demise with antitumor immunity, but the transcriptional features associated with ICD gene expression pat...

Integrating multimodality CT-MRI deep learning with clinical-radiological features for preoperative hepatocellular carcinoma grading: a multicenter study.

OBJECTIVE: To develop and externally validate an integrated model that combines multimodality CT-MRI deep learning with clinical and radiological feat...

Correction: The Asian Pacific Association of the Study of the Liver expert survey on artificial intelligence-assisted reporting of liver histopathology in metabolic dysfunction associated fatty liver disease.

Multi-omics integration and machine learning define an iron-sulfur cluster/zinc-binding protein prognostic signature in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is characterized by substantial intratumoral heterogeneity and poor clinical prognosis. Although metalloprot...

Multidimensional 5-hydroxymethylcytosine features in cell-free DNA enable the detection, staging and subtyping of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly lethal malignant cancer with limited biomarkers for early detection and disease stratification. He...

ChatGPT-4o for Endoscopic Differentiation of Autoimmune Gastritis From Helicobacter pylori-Associated Atrophic Gastritis: A Post Hoc Head-to-Head Comparison With Specialized Deep Learning.

Microbiome-Driven Risk Stratification and Biotherapeutics in Radiation Enteritis.

Radiation enteritis (RE) is a severe, dose-limiting complication of cancer radiotherapy that affects the therapeutic outcomes of patients and their qu...

Dual geometry-inspired structural modeling for neuroendocrine tumor segmentation in endoscopic ultrasound.

PURPOSE: The increasing incidence of lower gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) necessitates improved methods for early and accurate detectio...

The Lymph Node Ratio as a Predictive Biomarker for Individualized Benefit from Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Gastric Cancer: A Retrospective Cohort and Causal Machine Learning Study.

BACKGROUND: Optimizing adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) for gastric cancer (GC) remains challenging due to patient heterogeneity. While the lymph node ratio...

Precision Pancreatic Cancer Care: From Early Detection to Adaptive Precision Oncology.

BACKGROUND: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains highly lethal, and genome-centric precision oncology shows limited impact due to low actio...

Integrative single-cell and machine-learning analysis identifies LGALS1 as a macrophage-associated diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in hepatocellular carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is characterized by marked heterogeneity and an immunosuppressive microenvironment in which tumor-associate...

Super-resolution MRI and 2.5D deep learning for intratumoral-peritumoral radiomics in preoperative prediction of rectal cancer perineural invasion.

OBJECTIVES: Preoperative prediction of perineural invasion (PNI) in rectal cancer (RC) is challenging due to limited MRI resolution and the neglect of...

Association between stomach pain and depression in middle-aged and older chinese adults: Evidence from CHARLS with machine learning and SHAP analysis.

BACKGROUND: Emerging evidence indicates a bidirectional relationship between gastrointestinal symptoms and psychological distress, yet population-base...