Geriatrics

A 60-second interpretable voice model for early dementia screening.

Early detection of cognitive impairment in assisted living is hindered by time-intensive tools like the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). We present a 60-second voice-based screening model that analyzes picture descriptions to estimate dementia risk. While recent deep learning approaches have shown promise on similar tasks, their lack of interpretab...

MULTIPREVENT: Integrated screening for smoking-related multimorbidity using low-dose chest computed tomography.

OBJECTIVES: Tobacco consumption, combined with individual genetic predispositions, contributes to an age-dependent risk not only for lung cancer but also for other non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as cardiovascular disease (CVD), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), osteoporosis, and diabetes. The MULTIPREVENT project aims to validate whether low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) of th...

Large Language Models for Endodontic Symptom Assessment and Treatment Planning Using Image-Free Clinical Records: Comparative Evaluation Study.

BACKGROUND: Accurate assessment of pulpal status is essential for achieving successful endodontic outcomes. However, direct evaluation remains inheren...

Development and Validation of a Machine Learning Classification Algorithm for Differentiating Frontotemporal Dementia from Alzheimer's Disease Using Automated Brain MRI Volumetry.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is characterized by frontal and anterior temporal lobe atrophy and progressive changes in behavi...

Anonymized but Useful Synthetic Tabular Health Data for AI based Fall Risk Assessment.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) bears potential for improving health care, but this depends on the availability of open-access, realistic, and useful dat...

Performance of multimodal large language models versus clinicians for radiographic knee osteoarthritis grading: A multiobserver study.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the performance of clinicians and two generations of multimodal large language models (LLMs) in Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) grading o...

Synergizing machine learning and chemometrics with voltammetric fingerprinting for the rapid detection of Piper retrofractum adulteration.

Long pepper is a prominent medicinal plant, extensively utilized as a bioactive constituent in traditional Asian medicine, including in Ayurvedic, Tra...

MRI-free amyloid PET quantification using a deep learning model and white matter reference.

BackgroundAccurate quantification of standardized uptake value ratio (SUVR) in amyloid PET is essential for Alzheimer's disease (AD) diagnosis but typ...

Ethical Considerations of Artificial Intelligence in Dementia Research: A Review of Reviews.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: To examine the ethical considerations related to artificial intelligence technologies in dementia across diagnostic, manage...

Single-cell multiomics connects 3D genome and transcriptome alterations in Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) disrupts brain function through cell type-specific transcriptomic and epigenomic alterations, yet the contribution of three-d...

A Community-in-the-Loop Approach to Smart Home Monitoring for Aging in Place: Mixed Methods Evaluation of a Co-Designed Prototype.

BACKGROUND: The population of adults aged 65 and older is rapidly increasing, while the availability of caregivers is declining. Smart homes that prov...

Battling the Bots and Defending Against Fraudulent Responses in an International Community-Engaged Web-Based Survey With People Living With Long COVID: Methodological Study.

BACKGROUND: Web-based surveys involving self-reported questionnaires are vulnerable to fraudulent responses. Advancements in artificial intelligence a...

Machine learning-optimized discharge timing in typhoid care: Implications for clinical outcomes, cost efficiency, and health system performance.

OBJECTIVE: To develop and validate a machine learning model identifying typhoid fever patients at risk of unnecessarily prolonged hospitalization, and...

From "Starry Sky" to Meaning: Why Figurative Language Still Matters in Oral Diagnosis Education?

Pattern recognition has long been central to oral diagnosis, often supported by figurative or symbolic language that translates complex morphological ...

Principles for Responsible AI in Health Professions Education, Research, and Care: Health CARE-AI (Contextual, Accountable, Responsible, and Equitable Artificial Intelligence) Framework Delphi Consensus Study.

BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly integrating into health professions education and clinical practice, creating significant opportun...

Hypertension-associated DNA methylation signatures and multi-generational epigenetic clocks in Korean adults.

Hypertension is a hallmark of vascular aging; however, the epigenetic link between biological aging and blood pressure remains unclear. This epigenome...

Mathematical mapping of circadian genes in Alzheimer's disease.

Sleep-wake disturbances commonly occur in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the precise mechanisms underlying the breakdown of the circadian gene net...

A CNN-based liver ultrasound plane recognition system with multimodal large language model-generated interpretable feedback.

OBJECTIVE: To construct a hybrid artificial intelligence (AI) pipeline that combines a convolutional neural network (CNN) for image recognition with a...

Side-to-side differences in hip bone mineral density and associated morphological factors.

UNLABELLED: In the analysis of 82 participants using quantitative computed tomography (QCT) images, side-to-side differences in hip bone mineral densi...

Toward ubiquitous surgical assistance services via private 5G infrastructure.

PURPOSE: Advanced data processing methods, including artificial intelligence (AI), are increasingly integrated into clinical practice, improving treat...