Head Trauma

CEP-IP: An explainable framework for cell subpopulation identification in single-cell transcriptomics.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) frameworks lack explainable approaches for identifying cell subpopulations harboring strong pairwise monotonic gene-module relationships between a gene of interest (GOI) and its co-expressed genes. In this study, CEP-IP is introduced as a novel explainable machine learning framework to address this gap. METHODS: Prostate cancer (PCa)...

Changes in computed tomography derived muscle and pulmonary tissue in patients hospitalized for COVID-19: a 12-month follow-up study.

BACKGROUND: Prolonged muscle loss and persistent pulmonary radiological manifestations have been observed among previously hospitalized COVID-19 patients. This study aimed to investigate the patterns of change and the association between computed tomography (CT)-derived skeletal muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) and the percentage affected pulmonary parenchymal tissue in previously hospitalized CO...

A multi-cohort evaluation of a curriculum-aligned, oncology-focused chatbot in pharmacy education.

INTRODUCTION: Pharmacy students increasingly rely on generative artificial intelligence (AI) for learning support, yet most available tools remain gen...

Molecular Biomarkers and Risk Prediction Models for Acute Kidney Injury Following Liver Transplantation: A Review.

Liver transplantation is the definitive treatment for end-stage liver disease; however, postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) affects 30%-70% of rec...

Automated detection of superior mesenteric artery occlusion on post-contrast CT Using a 3D deep learning model.

PURPOSE: To develop and evaluate a 3D deep learning model for detecting superior mesenteric artery occlusion (SMAO) on post-contrast abdominal CT exam...

Integrating AI-assisted image enhancement with physics-based synthesis of low-field MRI from high-field MRI.

OBJECTIVE: Low-field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) offers distinct advantages in terms of affordability, portability, and accessibility. However, i...

Pregnancy changes the variability of brain signaling.

We have shown that pregnancy alters brain structure and brain activity, yet its effects on neural dynamics are unknown. This is the first study to inv...

Integrated multi-omics and machine learning identify Casp8 and Pycard as central regulators of pyroptosis and necroptosis in spinal cord injury.

Programmed cell death pathways exacerbate secondary damage after spinal cord injury, yet their shared regulators and tractable therapeutic points rema...

Identifying mitochondria-related signatures for tuberculosis diagnosis through machine learning on single-cell transcriptomics data and experimental verification.

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major cause of infectious disease mortality. Early diagnosis is crucial for curbing transmission and initiating timely tre...

Consciousness Monitoring and Outcome Prediction Using EEG Connectivity in Severe Traumatic Brain Injury.

Neurological prognostication of patients in post-traumatic coma remains challenging due to the paucity of reliable markers in the acute phase. We aime...

Thrombosis after surgical splenectomy - why, in whom and can we prevent it?

Splenectomy remains a common operation performed in the setting of trauma, haematological disease, malignancy and diagnostic purposes. Contemporary ev...

Evaluating Public Sentiment on Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Autism Spectrum Disorder Compared With Other Mental Health Disorders From Posts on X (Formerly Known as Twitter): Longitudinal Analysis.

BACKGROUND: Neurodevelopmental disorders, especially attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD), have seen a m...

A multicenter, video-EEG-based validation of a multimodal wearable device for focal seizure detection in adults: The SeizeIT2 study.

OBJECTIVE: Currently available wearable devices for detecting focal seizures primarily target major motor seizures or involve semi-invasive subscalp i...

Time Savings Through an AI Speech Assistant for Nursing Documentation: Pre-Post Time-Motion Study in German Long-Term Care.

BACKGROUND: Nurses in long-term care spend up to one-third of their working time on documentation, contributing to administrative burden and limited t...

Artificial intelligence-based detection of acute postoperative airway complications following anterior cervical spine surgery: a retrospective imaging evaluation.

STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective imaging evaluation using an artificial intelligence (AI)-generated model. PURPOSE: To develop novel AI software for early ...

Mapping intratumoral heterogeneity through PET-derived washout and deep learning after proton therapy.

The distribution of produced isotopes during proton therapy can be imaged with Positron Emission Tomography (PET) to verify dose delivery. However, bi...

Prediction of post-COVID chronic fatigue syndrome using data mining and machine learning techniques in Isfahan COVID cohort study.

BACKGROUND: Post-COVID Fatigue (PCF) is one of the most common issues people face after recovering from COVID-19. Due to the heterogeneity of clinical...

Physiology-informed machine learning for patient-level surgical decision-making in severe traumatic brain injury: Multicenter model development with external validation.

BACKGROUND: Surgical decisions for severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) are often made under prognostic uncertainty. Existing prognostic models predict...

Prediction of post-stroke brain swelling using biomechanical modelling and deep neural networks.

Malignant stroke is a life-threatening condition, with mortality rates reaching up to 80% among patients managed conservatively. Brain swelling volume...

Integrating Bulk RNA-Seq and Spatial Transcriptomics Data to Reveal Distinct Immune Escape Mechanism and Immunotherapy Based on Post-Translational Modification in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Post-translational modification (PTM) plays a crucial role in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) progression, and their specific prognostic...