Head Trauma

Improving Resident Knowledge of Artificial Intelligence Ethics and Prompting for Clinical Use.

BACKGROUND: The rapid introduction of AI into clinical practice shifts how we must teach resident trainees so they may become ethical patient-facing clinicians in an AI-integrated healthcare system. Currently, few published innovations assess outcomes beyond learner attitudes. We developed a pilot curricular innovation to equip postgraduate Internal Medicine resident trainees with the attitudes an...

AI-assisted VMAT planning incorporating deep learning-based dose prediction for head and neck cancer: feasibility of quality standardization and human intervention for irregular cases.

BACKGROUND: Volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT) represents a standard of care for head and neck cancer (HNC). However, treatment plan quality depends heavily on the planner's expertise, thereby challenging the standardization of treatment quality. While the clinical application of artificial intelligence (AI) in radiotherapy planning is rapidly increasing, the robustness of these models-for bo...

Evaluating Training Effectiveness for a Technology-Driven Pain Assessment Application: A Cross-Sectional Study.

PURPOSE: Appropriate pain assessment of adults is critical for effective pain management. Technology-driven tools can contribute to improved pain asse...

Effect of pilates exercises plus breastfeeding positioning adjustment on artificial intelligence-assessed craniovertebral angle in breastfeeding women with forward head posture: a randomized controlled trial.

Forward head posture (FHP), considered a neuromusculoskeletal disorder, includes those associated with breastfeeding. Pilates is recognized for improv...

Accuracy and Completeness of Four Artificial Intelligence Chatbots in Assisting Diagnosis and Treatment of Post-traumatic Endodontic Sequelae.

INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy and completeness of the answers generated by four freely available AI chatbots regarding the m...

RenalTox-XAI: Applicability-Domain-Constrained and Descriptor-Guided QSAR Framework for Early Screening and Safety Prioritization of Drug-Induced Renal Injury.

Drug-induced renal injury (DIRI) remains a major cause of drug attrition and post-marketing safety concerns, highlighting the need for reliable early-...

Machine Learning Based on Multiparametric Features from Dual-Layer Detector Spectral CT for Identifying Ulcer-Like Projection in Aortic Intramural Hematoma.

Aortic intramural hematoma (IMH) is a high-risk subtype of acute aortic syndrome (AAS). The presence of ulcer-like projection (ULP) significantly incr...

Accelerated brain aging and anterior white matter hyperintensity burden in chronic post-stroke aphasia: a lesion-aware MRI analysis.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Chronic post-stroke aphasia is heterogeneous, and focal lesion models do not fully explain persistent language impairment. We ...

Artificial intelligence predicts recurrent autoimmune hepatitis after liver transplantation in a multicenter cohort study.

BACKGROUND: Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is an important indication for liver transplantation (LT), but recurrence affects over 30% of recipients, threa...

Clinical evaluation of deep learning-accelerated 3D FLAIR imaging at 1.5T and 3T for visualization of cerebral white matter lesions.

BackgroundFluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) imaging is a standard sequence used for the detection of white matter lesions; however, 1-mm iso...

miR-124 Ameliorates Spatial Memory Deficits in Rats Exposed to Single-Prolonged Stress by Downregulating IQGAP1 to Regulate Actin-Binding Proteins and Apoptosis in Hippocampal Neurons.

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a highly prevalent, trauma-induced psychiatric condition characterized by persistent cognitive-affective dysf...

Validation is not enough: Longitudinal evidence of post-deployment fragility in clinical AI systems.

Pre-deployment validation is commonly used to establish the safety and effectiveness of clinical artificial intelligence systems, but acceptable valid...

The Quest to Predict Surgically Induced Astigmatism After Cataract Surgery: Lessons for Toric IOL Planning.

PURPOSE: This study compared traditional statistical models with machine learning algorithms for predicting surgically induced astigmatism after catar...

Early hemodynamic assessment and longitudinal imaging for predicting graft outcomes post-transplant.

BACKGROUND: The early identification of early allograft dysfunction (EAD) and the long-term prediction of graft-related adverse event-free survival (G...

Metabolomic Profiling and Machine Learning-Based Prediction of High-Dose Methotrexate-Induced Liver Injury in Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.

BACKGROUND: High-dose methotrexate (HD-MTX) is essential for pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) but frequently causes hepatotoxicity. To add...

Development and Internal Validation of an Automated CT-Based Model for Early Mortality Prediction in Traumatic Brain Injury.

OBJECTIVE: Traumatic brain injury outcomes are strongly influenced by intracranial hemorrhage burden, midline shift, and secondary hypoxic injury. Alt...

Post-thrombectomy models for outcome prediction in ischemic stroke: systematic review and external validation.

BACKGROUND: Outcome prediction models for patients with ischemic stroke after endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) demonstrated the value of including post...

Mesenchymal stem cell-derived secretome in traumatic brain injury: Stage-specific paracrine mechanisms and translational challenges.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a stage-dependent disorder that evolves from acute neuroinflammation, blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption, oxidative ...

Enhancing lymph node metastases assessment in breast cancer post-neoadjuvant therapy using artificial intelligence-driven diagnostics.

BACKGROUND: Neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) is crucial for locally advanced breast cancer, but post-NAT lymph node assessment is challenging due to histolog...

Post COVID-19 condition diagnosis among older people: findings from Swedish national register data.

INTRODUCTION: Post COVID-19 condition (PCC) denotes the persistence of symptoms following Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)...