Head Trauma

Quantification of Histotripsy Dosage Using Machine Learning-Enhanced Ultrasound Imaging Analysis: Correlation with Histological Outcomes.

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: Histotripsy is a noninvasive ultrasound therapy that mechanically disrupts target tissue through controlled acoustic cavitation. Clinically, a fixed histotripsy dose (number of pulses) is used for treating liver tumors, which does not account for tumor heterogeneity. Since histotripsy-induced damage can vary based on the tumor's mechanical properties, there is a clinical ...

Development and external validation of a machine learning model for predicting post-CABG acute kidney injury: insights from MIMIC database and real-world cardiac surgery cohort.

OBJECTIVE: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a severe complication following coronary artery bypass grafting(CABG) While machine learning models trained on large-scale intensive care unit (ICU) databases are increasingly prevalent, their ability to generalize to specialized surgical cohorts in real-world settings remains poorly characterized. This study aimed to develop a post-CABG AKI prediction model...

Development of a Computed Tomography Enterography Based Radiomics Model to Characterize Inflammation, Fibrosis and Smooth Muscle Thickening in Stricturing Crohn's Disease.

BACKGROUND AIMS: Computed tomography enterography (CTE) is a non-invasive cross-sectional imaging modality routinely used for diagnosis of Crohn's dis...

Preliminary evaluation of an AI-enhanced simulated interprofessional learning intervention for pharmacy students: a mixed-methods pilot study.

BACKGROUND: Interprofessional education (IPE) is vital for preparing pharmacy students for collaborative practice but is often constrained by logistic...

Impact of middle meningeal artery embolization on neurological complications and discharge outcomes in chronic subdural hematoma: A machine learning-based comparative study.

INTRODUCTION: Chronic subdural hematoma (cSDH) predominantly affects older adults, often those with prior head trauma, anticoagulation therapy, or chr...

AI-Based Post-processing for Artefact Mitigation in Radiography: A Systematic Review.

Projectional radiography is vulnerable to artefacts that can impair image quality and obscure or mimic pathology, confounding image interpretation. Th...

Exploring the gut-lung axis in post-liver transplant acute lung injury: A multi-omics approach.

Acute lung injury (ALI) is a significant post-operative complication of liver transplant (LT), with mounting evidence suggesting a role for the gut-lu...

First-trimester multi-modal cell-free DNA analysis for prediction of preterm and term preeclampsia.

BACKGROUND: Preeclampsia, which is a leading cause of maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity, represents a biologically heterogeneous syndrome...

Responsible AI Off-Boarding in Radiology: Staff Perspectives on Decommissioning and a Proposed Withdrawal Framework.

PURPOSE: AI governance commonly emphasises procurement, validation, deployment and performance monitoring but lack guidance on how embedded AI tools s...

A Coarse-to-Fine DoubleUNet Framework with Synergistic Loss for Accurate Fetal Head Circumference Measurement.

OBJECTIVE: Fetal head circumference (HC) measurement is a routine and indispensable examination during pregnancy, closely associated with fetal health...

An interpretable machine-learning model for post-admission reassessment of bloodstream infection risk in ICU patients with pneumonia.

The aim of this study is to develop and validate a machine learning-based predictive model to assess the risk of acquired bloodstream infection (BSI) ...

Cardiac magnetic resonance in patients with acute myocardial infarction: The added clinical value.

Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) has emerged as the reference noninvasive modality for a comprehensive assessment of myocardial injury followin...

Impact of Availability of Computer-Aided Detection Devices on Adenoma Detection During Colonoscopy: A Cluster Randomized Study.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Endoscopists' colonoscopy adenoma detection rates (ADR) are inversely associated with their patients' risk of post-colonoscopy co...

Stacking machine learning model for risk stratification of acute respiratory distress syndrome after traumatic brain injury: a multicenter retrospective study.

BACKGROUND: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a severe complication after traumatic brain injury (TBI), and early risk stratification may ...

Developing and Testing a Brief Mindfulness Just-in-Time Adaptive Intervention to Reduce Stress Among Caregivers of People With Dementia: Quasi-Experimental Study.

BACKGROUND: Dementia caregiving entails chronic, fluctuating stress with downstream risks to caregivers' mental health and quality of care. Mindfulnes...

Educational Frameworks for Diagnostic Decision-Making in AI-Enhanced Head and Neck Pathology.

CONTEXT: This paper examines how artificial intelligence (AI) is reshaping diagnostic decision-making in academic and clinical head and neck pathology...

Neural Response to Familiar Names Predicts Outcome of Comatose ICU Patients: A Prospective Observational Cohort Study.

Predicting the outcome of comatose patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) can inform decision making but remains challenging. Recent studies sugges...

When Timing Matters: Evaluating Temporal Leakage in Machine Learning Models of Football Pass Turnovers.

The Expected Pass Turnovers (xPT) model advances turnover probability quantification in professional football, but the inclusion of post-pass descript...

Clinical Evaluation of Deep Learning-Reconstructed Postcontrast 3D T1-Weighted Volume Interpolated Breath-Hold Examination (VIBE) Compared with Standard VIBE for Detection of Internal Auditory Canal Lesions.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Contrast-enhanced volume interpolated breath-hold examination (VIBE) is commonly used for evaluating internal auditory canal (...

How machine learning applied on fMRI could improve the prognosis of the post-traumatic stress disorder: A systematic review.

BACKGROUND: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a stressor-related disorder that affects a significant proportion of the population worldwide. De...