Hospital-Based Medicine

BoneCoT: multicentre validation of a whole-body skeleton foundation model for bone metastases guided by clinician-derived chain of thought.

Given the rising incidence of bone metastases, computed tomography is widely used worldwide as the initial imaging modality for their detection. Accurate diagnosis of bone metastases demands comprehensive evaluation, yet divergent interpretations among specialists can result in diagnostic discrepancies. In clinical practice, precision diagnosis of bone metastases necessitates multidisciplinary col...

Explainable machine learning for predicting activities of daily living at discharge in stroke patients: A retrospective study using SHAP interpretability.

PURPOSE: We aimed to develop a machine learning model to predict activities of daily living (ADL) at discharge in stroke patients and identify key predictors to guide rehabilitation decisions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data of 589 stroke inpatients (2019-2024) were split into good (BI ≥ 60) and poor (BI < 60) ADL groups. Continuous variables were processed using Z-score normalization, followed by pre...

Predicting unplanned 30-day hospital readmissions in patients with urogenital system disorders: a retrospective EMR-based ensemble learning study in Taiwan.

BACKGROUND: Hospital readmissions are a major burden for patients, families, and healthcare systems. Artificial intelligence (AI) and electronic medic...

MRI for Prostate Cancer Local Staging: AJR Expert Panel Narrative Review.

The incremental value of multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) in prostate cancer staging has been increasingly recognized, with the accumulated literature indi...

Individualized Treatment Effects of Therapeutic Hypothermia in Children Postcardiac Arrest: A Reanalysis of Two Randomized Clinical Trials.

OBJECTIVES: To use patient characteristics to estimate individualized treatment effects (ITE) of hypothermia vs. normothermia after pediatric cardiac ...

Improving mortality prediction in critically ill cancer patients with a multidimensional machine learning model.

BACKGROUND: Prognostic assessment in critically ill cancer patients is challenging due to the suboptimal performance of traditional severity scores. W...

Post-stroke rehabilitation in inflammatory rheumatic diseases: outcome measures, digital tools, and patient education perspectives.

Inflammatory rheumatic diseases (IRDs) represent a significant risk factor for cerebrovascular events, independent of traditional cardiovascular risk ...

Real-World Analysis of Organ Transplantation-Specific Agent Based on Large Language Model in Post-Transplant Self-Management During Off-Hours: A Mixed-Methods Study.

OBJECTIVE: A significant gap exists in medical support for organ transplant patients during out-of-hours (OOH). General large language models (LLMs), ...

Machine learning phenotypes and heterogeneous albumin effects in cirrhotic AKI: a causal inference study.

Current guidelines recommend albumin infusion as a first-line treatment for acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients with cirrhosis. However, recent larg...

Behaviour artificial intelligence technology to support the decision-making process of continuation or withdrawal of life-sustaining therapy.

BACKGROUND: Withholding and withdrawing life-sustaining therapy (LST) is common in European ICUs but significant variations exist. Behaviour artificia...

Predictive analytics and risk stratification models in internal medicine: from risk scores to real-time machine learning.

Internal medicine involves high-stakes, time-sensitive decisions (such as triaging acute illnesses, escalating care, providing thromboprophylaxis, pla...

Digital divide in clinical and operational artificial intelligence adoption and implementation stages: US hospital diffusion patterns and AI deserts.

OBJECTIVES: We examine how hospital characteristics relate to clinical and operational artificial intelligence (AI) adoption and implementation stages...

Psoriatic Disease Across Dimensions: Global Epidemiology, Comorbidity, and Artificial Intelligence in Treatment Prediction.

The Group for Research and Assessment of Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis (GRAPPA) 2025 annual meeting featured a new "Soapbox: Rapid fire presentati...

Data-driven modelling of water surface profiles in compound channels with converging floodplains for flood risk assessment.

Accurate prediction of water surface profiles (WSP) is essential for reliable flood hazard assessment in compound channels with converging floodplains...

Application of a deep learning method based on CBCT panoramic reconstruction images for differentiating operationally defined cystic and neoplastic jaw lesions from osteomyelitis: a single-center retrospective study.

This single-center retrospective study developed and internally validated a two-dimensional deep learning model based on cone-beam computed tomography...

Inpatient Robotic Therapy for Stroke Survivors With Severe Upper Limb Impairments: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

IMPORTANCE: Understanding how upper extremity (UE) robotic therapy (RT) affects efficiency and effectiveness of inpatient rehabilitation is important ...

Hospital-Based Robotic Applications in Nursing Practice: A Scoping Review.

INTRODUCTION: The integration of robots into clinical practice requires careful consideration of their alignment with nursing workflows, patient needs...

Using Natural Language Processing of Clinical Notes to Supplement Structured Electronic Health Record Data for Phenotyping Smoking and Obesity in a Healthcare System.

PURPOSE: Studies based on electronic health records (EHR) often rely on structured data, which may incompletely capture important clinical phenotypes ...

An Explainable Machine Learning Model for Early Prediction of Incident Myocardial Injury in Patients With Severe Fever With Thrombocytopenia Syndrome.

This study aimed to develop an explainable machine learning-based model to enable early prediction of incident myocardial injury during hospitalizatio...

Advances and prospects in cell therapy for cancer: explorations from T cells to stem cells.

The increasing global burden of cancer necessitates innovative therapeutic strategies. Cell therapy represents a major breakthrough in oncology, evolv...