Infectious Disease

Broadly active intranasal influenza vaccine with a nanocomplex particulate adjuvant targeting mast cells and toll-like receptor 9.

Flumist is the only FDA-approved intranasal influenza vaccine. Although it has recently been approved for at-home use, it has significant limitations. These include reduced effectiveness in generating a protective immune response in patients with extensive influenza exposure, safety concerns due to its live attenuated virus formulation, and reduced efficacy due to viral drift/shift. To address thi...

A comparative analysis of dengue, chikungunya, and Zika in a pediatric cohort over 18 years.

BACKGROUND: Dengue, chikungunya, and Zika are diseases of major human concern. Differential diagnosis is complicated in children and adolescents by their overlapping clinical features (signs, symptoms, and complete blood count results). Few studies have directly compared the three diseases. We aimed to identify distinguishing pediatric characteristics of each disease.

Climate crossroads: How global warming drives coronavirus emergence, the long COVID crisis of tomorrow, and AI's role in navigating our future.

This narrative review examines the critical nexus between climate change, coronavirus emergence, and Long COVID-a triad that may shape public health o...

Seasonal total coliform dynamics in a drinking water reservoir.

Maintaining high-quality drinking water supply reservoirs is important for protecting public health. Despite extensive watershed protection efforts, r...

Identification of Fatty Acid Metabolism Disorder-Related Gene Signature in Septic Cardiomyopathy.

BACKGROUND: Septic cardiomyopathy (SCM) is a prevalent complication of sepsis and a primary contributor to mortality in patients with sepsis. Although...

Advanced droplet microfluidic platform for high-throughput screening of industrial fungi.

Industrial fungi are pivotal candidates for the production of a diverse array of bioproducts. To enhance their productivity, these strains are frequen...

Discrimination of Respiratory Tract Infections by a Reduced Graphene Oxide Array Modified with Metal-Organic Frameworks and Metal Phthalocyanines.

As a prevalent clinical condition, it is critical to distinguish between bacterial and viral respiratory tract infections given their pivotal role in ...

AI-enhanced telemedicine for personalized antiretroviral therapy in HIV patients with neurological comorbidities: a narrative review.

BACKGROUND: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), while now manageable as a chronic health condition with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), ...

Impact of sarcopenia and obesity on mortality in older adults with SARS-CoV-2 infection: automated deep learning body composition analysis in the NAPKON-SUEP cohort.

INTRODUCTION: Severe respiratory infections pose a major challenge in clinical practice, especially in older adults. Body composition analysis could p...

Celluloepidemiology-A paradigm for quantifying infectious disease dynamics on a population level.

To complement serology as a tool in public health interventions, we introduced the "celluloepidemiology" paradigm where we leveraged pathogen-specific...

Machine Learning-Based identification of resistance genes associated with sunflower broomrape.

BACKGROUND: Sunflowers (Helianthus annuus L.), a vital oil crop, are facing a severe challenge from broomrape (Orobanche cumana), a parasitic plant th...

From Preliminary Urinalysis to Decision Support: Machine Learning for UTI Prediction in Real-World Laboratory Data.

: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are frequently diagnosed empirically, often leading to overtreatment and rising antimicrobial resistance. This study...

Identification of Key Genes and Potential Therapeutic Targets in Sepsis-Associated Acute Kidney Injury Using Transformer and Machine Learning Approaches.

Sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (SA-AKI) is a life-threatening complication of sepsis, characterized by high mortality and prolonged hospitaliza...

Predicting ICU Mortality Among Septic Patients Using Machine Learning Technique.

: Sepsis leads to substantial global health burdens in terms of morbidity and mortality and is associated with numerous risk factors. It is crucial to...

Triaging Clients at Risk of Disengagement from HIV Care: Application of a Predictive Model to Clinical Trial Data in South Africa.

PURPOSE: To reach South Africa's targets for HIV treatment and viral suppression, retention on antiretroviral therapy (ART) must increase. Here, we ai...

From bites to bytes: understanding how and why individual malaria risk varies using artificial intelligence and causal inference.

With an estimated 263 million cases recorded worldwide in 2023, malaria remains a major global health challenge, particularly in tropical regions with...

Multi-criteria decision making and its application to in silico discovery of vaccine candidates for Toxoplasma gondii.

Vaccine discovery against eukaryotic parasites is not trivial and few exist. Reverse vaccinology is an in silico vaccine discovery approach, designed ...

Predicting infections with multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) in neurocritical care patients with hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP): development of a novel multivariate prediction model.

Hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) is prevalent in the neuro-intensive care unit (NICU), significantly increasing susceptibility to infections with mul...

Development and evaluation of a direct disk diffusion, rapid antimicrobial susceptibility testing method from blood culture positive for Gram-negative bacilli using rapid molecular testing and microbiology laboratory automation.

Rapid antimicrobial susceptibility testing (RAST) using disk diffusion (DD) from positive blood cultures (BC) can aid initiation of effective antimicr...

Polyanhydride-Based Microparticles for Programmable Pulsatile Release of Diphtheria Toxoid (DT) for Single-Injection Self-Boosting Vaccines.

Vaccination remains a critical tool in preventing infectious diseases, yet its effectiveness is undermined by under-immunization, particularly for vac...