Infectious Disease

Multistate animal-contact-related nontyphoidal Salmonella enterica outbreaks in the United States, 2009-2022: Network and machine learning analyses of exposure sources, settings, and serovars.

BACKGROUND: Nontyphoidal Salmonella enterica (NTS) is a major public‑health threat in the United States of America (U.S.). Evaluating associations between serovars, exposure sources, and settings in multistate outbreaks can reveal the drivers of NTS transmission and guide prioritization of targeted prevention and control strategies. METHODS: We analyzed multistate animal‑contact-related NTS outbre...

Leveraging nonlinear relationships and interactions to improve 30-day pneumonia readmission machine learning models.

BACKGROUND: Research is needed to develop more accurate readmission prediction models that identify patients at the highest risk of readmission after their initial pneumonia hospitalization. Improving prediction accuracy will support the implementation of more effective, personalized interventions to lower readmission rates. Published models tend to rely on traditional methods or advanced machine ...

A pH-Responsive Antimicrobial Peptide Coating with Efficient Antibacterial Activity and Preserved Oral Microbiota Homeostasis during Clear Aligner Treatment.

Bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation pose significant clinical challenges in clear aligner therapy, adversely affecting both oral health and aesth...

A novel deep learning network for small bowel ulcerative lesion detection and differential diagnosis on double-balloon endoscopy images.

Differentiating small bowel ulcerative diseases (SBUDs) on double-balloon endoscopy (DBE) is challenging. We aimed to develop an artificial intelligen...

Environmental conditions and animal hosts shape the spatial transmission risks of echinococcosis in China.

Echinococcosis poses a major public-health challenge and substantial socioeconomic burdens in pastoral regions. Yet the spatial transmission risks in ...

Machine Learning-Driven Parallel XGBoost Modeling of Astaxanthin Production by Haematococcus pluvialis in Wastewater Contaminated with Antibiotics and Microplastics.

Microalgae can produce high value-added products in wastewater (WW). Haematococcus pluvialis is a microalga and can synthesize high amounts of astaxan...

Survival Benefit Analysis of Beta-Blockers in Patients with Sepsis-induced TnT-positive myocardial injury Across Different Clinical Subtypes of Sepsis: A Retrospective Study Based on the MIMIC-IV Database.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the survival benefits of beta-blockers in patients with sepsis-induced TnT-positive myocardial injury across different clinical ...

Machine learning, bioinformatics analysis and chemical screening streamline target validation by identifying RNA helicase as a druggable essential protein in tobacco mosaic virus.

INTRODUCTION: Plant viruses inflict annual economic losses exceeding $30 billion and pose a significant threat to global food security. Discovering re...

Machine learning versus clinical scoring systems for predicting poor wound healing after posterior surgery for thoracolumbar tuberculosis.

OBJECTIVE: Postoperative poor wound healing (PWH) is a significant complication following posterior surgery for thoracolumbar tuberculosis, leading to...

Determining the relative importance of risk and protective factors for adjustment disorder symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic by mixed-effects random forests.

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic exposed individuals to numerous psychosocial and health-related stressors associated with adjustment disorder (AjD) ...

Computational approaches for identifying quorum sensing inhibitors.

Quorum sensing (QS) is a critical cell-to-cell communication mechanism employed by microorganisms to coordinate their collective behaviors, including ...

Correction: Machine learning-assisted SERS detection of pyrethroid pesticides in edible fungi using a magnetic nanosensor.

Silver nanoparticles in biomedicine: green synthesis, precision theranostics, and future clinical translation.

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are widely explored in biomedical sciences due to their unique physicochemical properties and high surface reactivity, en...

Reconfigurable Selector-Only Memory (SOM) for Scalable Neuromorphic Computing.

Highly scalable reconfigurable neuromorphic devices are critical for addressing continual-learning challenges in artificial intelligence. However, the...

Quantitative RNA pseudouridine landscape reveals dynamic modification patterns and evolutionary conservation across bacterial species.

Pseudouridine (Ψ) modifications are the most abundant RNA modifications; however, their distribution and functional significance in bacteria remain la...

Early Immunological Biomarkers for Personalized Treatment Selection in Severe COVID-19: Post Hoc Machine Learning Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial.

BACKGROUND: Severe COVID-19 is a global health concern despite continuous vaccination campaigns because current therapies, such as dexamethasone and r...

Intracellular acidification by microbiota-derived valeric acid facilitates trans-kingdom ecology limiting Candida parapsilosis colonization.

In hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) patients, intestinal Candida parapsilosis expansion and translocation can cause life-threatening candidemia, ye...

Comprehensive multi-omics analysis identifies cancer subtypes and prognostic signatures of hepatitis B virus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma.

Hepatitis B virus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HBV-HCC) is a heterogeneous malignancy with poor prognosis, necessitating refined classificatio...

Patient-specific modeling identifies metabolic interventions for reversing glucose use reprogramming in alcohol-associated hepatitis.

Alcoholic hepatitis (AH) is an acute form of alcohol-associated liver disease with very few treatment options. Recent studies highlighted liver metabo...

Tuberculosis in households with infectious cases in Kampala city: Harnessing health data science for new insights on an ancient disease with persistent, unresolved problems.

Tuberculosis (TB) is prevalent in Uganda and overlaps with a high rate of HIV/TB coinfection. While nearly all hospital-based TB cases in Kampala, the...