Infectious Disease

A review of traditional uses, phytoconstituents, bioactivities, and therapeutic potential of Hypecoum erectum L. and Hypecoum leptocarpum Hook.f. & Thomson.

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Hypecoi Erecti Herba, derived from plants of the genus Hypecoum (Papaveraceae), includes two source species: Hypecoum leptocarpum Hook.f. & Thomson and Hypecoum erectum L. It is widely distributed across northern, northwestern, and southwestern China, Mongolia, Russia, and many South and West Asian countries. In traditional medical systems, particularly Tibetan and ...

AI-enabled autonomous UV-C device pathogen reduction within clinically relevant parameters.

Wall-mounted UV-C disinfection systems present a promising alternative to robotic approaches for pathogen reduction. We sought to determine the pathogen-reduction efficacy of such devices when operated at a distance, mimicking real-world applications. It was shown that a variety of high-risk pathogens (eg, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, S epidermidis, Escheric...

Machine learning-based prediction of multi-level antimicrobial resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae using whole-genome sequencing data.

OBJECTIVES: In this study, we developed an integrated approach for accurate and comprehensive prediction of anti-microbial resistance (AMR) using whol...

Construction and interpretability evaluation of a prediction model for radiographic pneumonia in children at outpatient and emergency departments.

BACKGROUND: Radiographic confirmation is crucial for pediatric pneumonia diagnosis, but chest X-ray overuse in outpatient and emergency settings raise...

Unveiling varietal specificity in non-destructive grape quality monitoring: Explainable AI and feature selection for sugar and organic acid prediction using NIR spectroscopy.

Sugar and organic acid content are crucial factors determining grape quality. Non-destructive testing of these components aids in accurately determini...

Dataset of manually curated peptides against arthropod-borne viruses.

Anti-arboviral peptides are biomolecules capable of interfering with key stages of the arboviral lifecycle. We present a dataset compiling 270 peptide...

Serum mass spectral fingerprints with machine learning for early discrimination of infectious pneumonia in the emergency department.

Deep Learning-Enhanced DNAzyme-Driven Rolling-Circle Amplification Encoding for Multibacterial Detection.

Food-borne outbreaks are frequently caused by multiple live pathogens that conventional methods cannot process simultaneously. We report a DNAzyme-dri...

Targeted Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering for Highly Accurate Identification of Bacterial Species and Finding Spectral Signatures with Explainable Artificial Intelligence.

The analysis of complex Raman spectra from biological samples has traditionally relied on conventional chemometric-based methods, the performance of w...

Artificial allosteric protein switches with machine-learning-designed receptors.

Protein allostery underlies most information and energy processing in biology and the development of artificial allosteric proteins is a key objective...

Thermo-Sensitive Polymeric Networks for Next-Generation Wound Management: A Review.

Wound healing is a dynamic and highly coordinated biological process involving hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and tissue remodeling. However...

Leveraging the lipoprotein trafficking pathway for the development of novel antimicrobials.

Antimicrobial resistance continues to limit the number of effective antimicrobials to treat bacterial infections. The development of antimicrobials wi...

Predicting Postoperative Outcomes in Pediatric Ureteroscopy Using Machine Learning and Explainable AI-EAU Endourology Vision-AI Study.

AIM OF THE STUDY: This study aimed to evaluate the performance of machine learning (ML) algorithms integrated with explainable artificial intelligence...

The promise of injectable hydrogels in dental bone regeneration.

Injectable hydrogels are considered to be a minimally invasive approach for the regeneration of the dental bone, providing a number of benefits over t...

Motion-Steered Noise Management in Hearing Aids Reduces Listening Effort and Stress Indexed by Pupil Size and Heart Rate.

OBJECTIVES: Head and body movements influence real-world hearing outcomes, yet they are often overlooked in clinical evaluations of hearing aids. This...

Revealing global stoichiometry conservation architecture in cells from Raman spectral patterns.

Cells can adapt to various environments by changing their biomolecular profiles while maintaining physiological homeostasis. What organizational princ...

Comparison of AI-based Chatbot Performance in Analyzing Clinical Scenarios versus Medical Residents: A Novel Approach in Chest Diseases Education.

OBJECTIVE: Rapid advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) technologies offer new opportunities in medical education. The aim of this study is to c...

Identifying demographic predictors of increased non-fatal opioid overdose risk among New York State Medicaid enrollees following the COVID-19 pandemic: an analysis of heterogeneous treatment effects.

BACKGROUND: Overdose rates in the U.S. rose dramatically during the COVID-19 pandemic. Well-documented racial and sociodemographic inequities in the i...

Dengue vector niche modeling with future SSP climatic scenarios over India using the machine learning-based MaxEnt model.

Dengue remains a major mosquito-borne public-health threat, and climate change is expected to reshape the geographic suitability of its principal vect...

Gated Backbone Fusion with Transformer Encoder for Diabetic Foot Osteomyelitis Screening and Localization in Radiographs.

Diabetic foot osteomyelitis (DFO) is a leading cause of lower-extremity complications in individuals with diabetes, and timely, accurate screening is ...