Lung Cancer

Automatically Measuring Kidney, Liver, and Cyst Volumes in Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease.

KEY POINTS: TraceOrg is a web-based tool that automatically labels kidney, liver, and cysts, reporting volumes and Mayo Imaging Classification. External validation showed high performance and good generalizability on Consortium for Radiologic Imaging Studies of Polycystic Kidney Disease, Polycystic Kidney Disease-Research Resource Consortium, and other external datasets. Training on multiple pulse...

Genetic Determinants and Breeding Strategies for Rice Cooking and Eating Quality: A Comprehensive Review.

Rice cooking and eating quality (CEQ), a core agronomic trait tied to consumer preference and market value, is regulated by endosperm starch, protein, and lipid metabolism; this review synthesizes advances in its molecular mechanisms, focusing on genetic determinants and regulatory networks of storage substances. Starch is key: the Wx gene (central hub) has ≥ 9 allelic variants (e.g., Wxᵃ, Wxᵇ and...

Multiperspective tumor heterogeneity metrics for preoperative prediction of IASLC grading in clinical stage IA lung adenocarcinomas: A multicenter study.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Accurate preoperative prediction of the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC) grades is crucial for...

Malignant pleural mesothelioma classification and survival prediction with CT imaging using ResNet.

OBJECTIVES: This study aims to achieve accurate differentiation of malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) from metastatic pleural disease (MPD) and to p...

Machine learning-based integration develops a lactate metabolism related gene signature for improving outcomes in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

OBJECTIVES: Given its high global mortality rate, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains a significant area of investigation. However, a robu...

NHOC/NHOP as novel biomarkers for predicting lymph node metastasis in NSCLC using PET/CT radiomics and machine learning: a two-center retrospective study.

PURPOSE: NHOC and NHOP, defined as the normalized distances from peak uptake to tumour centroid and perimeter, are novel PET/CT metrics of tumour aggr...

Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Magnetic Resonance Imaging as a Predictive Biomarker for Hypoxia, Treatment De-escalation, and Recurrence in Human Papillomavirus-Associated Oropharyngeal Cancer.

PURPOSE: To evaluate whether quantitative diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging derived apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) parametric values...

A Five-Plasma Protein-Based Algorithm for Predicting Incident CKD in Type 2 Diabetes.

KEY POINTS: Proteomics analyses consistently identified nine independent protein predictors for CKD in both Chinese and European participants with typ...

Multi-stage dual-domain progressive network with synergistic training for sparse-view CT reconstruction.

Sparse-view computed tomography (SVCT) significantly reduces patient radiation exposure and accelerates data acquisition by using fewer projections fo...

Astroimmunology: the effects of spaceflight and its associated stressors on the immune system.

As humans embark on longer and deeper missions into space, it is crucial to understand how spaceflight impacts the immune system. Decades of discoveri...

Predictive prioritization of enhancers associated with pancreatic disease risk.

Genetic and epigenetic variation in enhancers is associated with disease susceptibility; however, linking enhancers to target genes and predicting enh...

Radiomics-based IVIM-DWI for early noninvasive assessment of renal allograft dysfunction.

OBJECTIVE: To develop and rigorously validate radiomics-based predictive models using postoperative intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted im...

Predictive value of artificial intelligence-based quantitative CT feature analysis for diagnosing the pathological types of pulmonary nodules.

OBJECTIVES: Accurate preoperative classification of pulmonary nodules (PNs) is critical for guiding clinical decision-making and preventing overtreatm...

Automated detection and characterization of small cell lung cancer liver metastasis on computed tomography.

PURPOSE: Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is an aggressive disease with diverse phenotypes that reflect the heterogeneous expression of tumor-related gen...

Radiation Risk in 2D Mammography Screening: A Scoping Review of Modelling Strategies and Emerging AI Applications.

Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer among women worldwide, and concerns regarding radiation exposure from mammography screening remain...

Preferences for Adopting Artificial Intelligence in Radiation Therapy Treatment: A Discrete Choice Experiment.

OBJECTIVES: The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in radiation therapy offers significant potential to enhance cancer care by improving diag...

Photon-counting detector computed tomography in thoracic oncology: revolutionizing tumor imaging through precision and detail.

Photon-counting detector computed tomography (PCD-CT) is an emerging imaging technology that promises to overcome the limitations of conventional ener...

Refining the Classroom: The Self-Supervised Professor Model for Improved Segmentation of Locally Advanced Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths, with accurate staging being critical for treatment planning. Auto...

Performance of a Novel Frameless and Maskless Robotic Head Motion Compensation System for Stereotactic Radiosurgery in a Realistic Clinical Environment with Healthy Volunteers.

PURPOSE: Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) is a nonsurgical method for treating brain abnormalities and small tumors. Traditional high-accuracy SRS requ...

Dose Reduction in 4-Dimensional Computed Tomography Imaging: Breathing Signal-Guided Deep Learning-Driven Data Acquisition.

PURPOSE: Four-dimensional computed tomography (4D CT) imaging is essential for radiation therapy planning in thoracic tumors. However, current protoco...