Medical Ethics / Professional Responsibility

Loss odyssey in medical image segmentation.

The loss function is an important component in deep learning-based segmentation methods. Over the past five years, many loss functions have been proposed for various segmentation tasks. However, a systematic study of the utility of these loss functions is missing. In this paper, we present a comprehensive review of segmentation loss functions in an organized manner. We also conduct the first large...

A Systematic Approach for MRI Brain Tumor Localization and Segmentation Using Deep Learning and Active Contouring.

One of the main requirements of tumor extraction is the annotation and segmentation of tumor boundaries correctly. For this purpose, we present a threefold deep learning architecture. First, classifiers are implemented with a deep convolutional neural network (CNN) and second a region-based convolutional neural network (R-CNN) is performed on the classified images to localize the tumor regions of ...

Fast convergence rates of deep neural networks for classification.

We derive the fast convergence rates of a deep neural network (DNN) classifier with the rectified linear unit (ReLU) activation function learned using...

Global guidance network for breast lesion segmentation in ultrasound images.

Automatic breast lesion segmentation in ultrasound helps to diagnose breast cancer, which is one of the dreadful diseases that affect women globally. ...

Kinematics and workspace analysis of 4SPRR-SPR parallel robots.

The 4SPRR-SPR parallel robot, which has considerable potential for application in the field of machining, is a novel closed-loop mechanism with a high...

Spiculation Sign Recognition in a Pulmonary Nodule Based on Spiking Neural P Systems.

The spiculation sign is one of the main signs to distinguish benign and malignant pulmonary nodules. In order to effectively extract the image feature...

A deep neural network for estimating the bladder boundary using electrical impedance tomography.

OBJECTIVE: Accurate bladder size estimation is an important clinical parameter that assists physicians, enabling them to provide better treatment for ...

Deep learning-based real-time volumetric imaging for lung stereotactic body radiation therapy: a proof of concept study.

Due to the inter- and intra- variation of respiratory motion, it is highly desired to provide real-time volumetric images during the treatment deliver...

A plea to merge clinical and public health practices: reasons and consequences.

BACKGROUND: Revisiting professionalism, both as a medical ideal and educational topic, this paper asks whether, in the rise of artificial intelligence...

Generative models in pathology: synthesis of diagnostic quality pathology images.

Within artificial intelligence and machine learning, a generative model is a powerful tool for learning any kind of data distribution. With the advent...

Deep Neural Network-Based Sinogram Super-Resolution and Bandwidth Enhancement for Limited-Data Photoacoustic Tomography.

Photoacoustic tomography (PAT) is a noninvasive imaging modality combining the benefits of optical contrast at ultrasonic resolution. Analytical recon...

A Single-Shot Region-Adaptive Network for Myotendinous Junction Segmentation in Muscular Ultrasound Images.

Tracking the myotendinous junction (MTJ) in consecutive ultrasound images is crucial for understanding the mechanics and pathological conditions of th...

Clinical Named Entity Recognition from Chinese Electronic Medical Records Based on Deep Learning Pretraining.

BACKGROUND: Clinical named entity recognition is the basic task of mining electronic medical records text, which are with some challenges containing t...

A Secured and Intelligent Communication Scheme for IIoT-enabled Pervasive Edge Computing.

Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) ensures reliable and efficient data exchanges among the industrial processes using Artificial Intelligence (AI) w...

CS-Net: Deep learning segmentation of curvilinear structures in medical imaging.

Automated detection of curvilinear structures, e.g., blood vessels or nerve fibres, from medical and biomedical images is a crucial early step in auto...

Boundary Mittag-Leffler stabilization of fractional reaction-diffusion cellular neural networks.

Mittag-Leffler stabilization is studied for fractional reaction-diffusion cellular neural networks (FRDCNNs) in this paper. Different from previous li...

Ethical and Legal Challenges of Artificial Intelligence in Nuclear Medicine.

Artificial intelligence (AI) in nuclear medicine has gained significant traction and promises to be a disruptive, but innovative, technology. Recent d...

Considerations for the Ethical Implementation of Psychological Assessment Through Social Media via Machine Learning.

The ubiquity of social media usage has led to exciting new technologies such as machine learning. Machine learning is poised to change many fields of ...

Localization of Biobotic Insects Using Low-Cost Inertial Measurement Units.

Disaster robotics is a growing field that is concerned with the design and development of robots for disaster response and disaster recovery. These ro...

Pine Cone Detection Using Boundary Equilibrium Generative Adversarial Networks and Improved YOLOv3 Model.

The real-time detection of pine cones in Korean pine forests is not only the data basis for the mechanized picking of pine cones, but also one of the ...