Neurology

Neuroimmune mechanisms in PTSD: inflammatory heterogeneity, circuit dysfunction, and biomarker-based subtypes.

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is characterized by exaggerated fear response, anxiety, hyperarousal and sleep disturbances. One of the major pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the development of PTSD is the dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. However, the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the development of the disease remain poorly understood due to t...

Radiomics-enhanced 18F-AV45 PET/MRI for integrative assessment and centiloid estimation of amyloid-β burden in Alzheimer's disease.

OBJECTIVE: Reliable assessment of cerebral amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition is essential for the diagnosis and management of Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of integrating radiomics-enhanced 18F-florbetapir positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (18F-AV45 PET/MRI) features for Aβ status evaluation and to further explore their potential for continuou...

Stem Cell Therapy for Traumatic Brain Injury: Translational Mechanisms, Biomarkers, and Clinical Trials.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of persistent cognitive, motor, and neuropsychiatric impairment, arising from both the initial mechani...

GENIE: A Two-Stage Interpretable Deep Learning Framework for Revealing the High-Order Genetic Interaction Network of Alzheimer's Disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive cognitive impairment and memory loss. The underlying mechanisms ...

Health-Related Quality of Life and Family Impact Among Children with Epilepsy: The Role of Seizure Control.

INTRODUCTION: Seizure control is the primary therapeutic goal in pediatric epilepsy, yet its multidimensional impact on health-related quality of life...

A recyclable, mechanically robust, and anti-freezing chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol/polyaniline conductive hydrogel for multifunctional sensing application.

Conductive hydrogels have demonstrated fascinating application potential in flexible electronics. However, conductive hydrogels often exhibit poor mec...

Dynamic wavelet-based augmentation for enhanced EEG-based imagined speech classification.

Brain-computer interfaces allow direct communication between the brain and external devices. They have real potential for assistive technologies and n...

From Intradiscal Pressure to Multimodal Estimation of Lumbar Spinal Loads.

BACKGROUND: Estimation of lumbar spinal loads is important for understanding low back pain, guiding ergonomic interventions, and informing surgical an...

Decoding concealed information using multimodal neurophysiological signals.

Detecting concealed information is a critical challenge in forensic investigations, security screening, and cognitive neuroscience. Conventional appro...

A Framework with Transformer-Based Model for Cerebrovascular Stenosis Detection in Magnetic Resonance Angiography.

Accurate identification of cerebrovascular stenosis is essential for early stroke prevention and effective clinical management. Magnetic resonance ang...

Towards trustworthy brain stroke diagnosis using a lightweight explainable deep learning framework for CT imaging.

Brain stroke occurs due to blockage or rupture in the cerebral blood supply and represents a critical medical emergency requiring rapid and accurate d...

A multiscale spatio-temporal convolutional attention network for depressive disorder diagnosis via coarse-grained signal reconstruction based on EEG.

Depression disorder (DD) is a common mental disorder and a leading contributor to the global burden of disease. However, accurate diagnosis remains ch...

Who may benefit from robot-assisted gait training with an exoskeleton in subacute stroke patients? A prespecified analysis.

OBJECTIVE: To identify factors associated with the achievement of independent gait after the robot-assisted gait training (RAGT) with an exoskeletal w...

A Phase-Resolved Geometric Deep Learning Framework Maps Structural Determinants of Disease-Associated Protein Aggregation and Guides Suppressor Design.

Protein aggregation drives major neurodegenerative diseases, yet most computational predictors collapse assembly into static risk scores and do not re...

Spinal cord reserve is associated with multi-dimensional clinical resilience in multiple sclerosis.

OBJECTIVE: Spinal canal area (SCaA)-a proxy for maximal lifetime spinal cord growth-has recently been associated with concurrent disability and future...

NegotiAge-An AI-Based Caregiver Negotiation Training: Results From the Multiphase Optimization Strategy (MOST) Trial.

BACKGROUND: Family caregivers experience conflicts in caring for people with Alzheimer's dementia (PWD; e.g., siblings disagreeing, advocating with pr...

Novel aptamers targeting heparan sulfate for delivery of RNA therapeutics in Alzheimer's disease.

Heparan sulfate (HS) proteoglycans are abundant, sulfation-patterned glycosaminoglycans on brain cells and the neurovascular unit that interact with a...

Machine Learning-Based Identification of Distinct Risk Factors for Moderate vs Severe Proximal Junctional Kyphosis After Adult Spinal Deformity Surgery.

BACKGROUND CONTEXT: Proximal junctional kyphosis (PJK) is a well-recognized complication of adult spinal deformity (ASD) surgery. However, traditional...

Hypertonic saline protects the axo-myelinic interface acutely after contusive SCI and improves postural stability and balance as revealed by motion sequencing (MoSeq).

The development of periaxonal swellings and separation of the axo-myelinic interface are prominent features acutely post-contusive spinal cord injury ...

Machine learning-assisted prediction of PANoptosis-related molecular targets and precise screening of neuroprotective drugs for spinal cord injury.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a highly disabling central nervous system disease with complex pathology, and targeted neuroprotective drugs remain clinic...