Oncology/Hematology

Generalizability of deep learning-based dose conversion model in proton beam therapy.

BACKGROUND: In proton beam therapy (PBT), the analytical pencil beam (PB) algorithm involves dose uncertainties in inhomogeneous regions, making accurate Monte Carlo (MC) dose calculation desirable but time-consuming. Deep learning, converting the dose calculated by the PB algorithm into an MC-equivalent dose distribution, can resolve the trade-off between calculation accuracy and speed. Training ...

A voxel-wise uncertainty-guided framework for glioma segmentation using spherical projection-based U-Net and localized refinement.

BACKGROUND: Accurate segmentation of glioma subregions from multi-parametric MRI (MP-MRI) is critical for clinical management but remains challenging due to tumor heterogeneity and ambiguous tissue boundaries. PURPOSE: This study proposes an uncertainty-guided hybrid segmentation framework that integrates spherical projection-based 2D modeling with localized 3D refinement to improve segmentation f...

ChatGPT, Gemini, and Claude in clinical and dermoscopic image analysis of basal cell carcinoma and its common mimickers: A comparative performance analysis.

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common skin cancer. Off-the-shelf multimodal large language models are widely accessible, yet their performance...

A Multi-Omics and machine learning platelet-related prognostic signature in multiple myeloma.

Integrated Single-Cell and Bulk Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Prognostic Significance and Immune Regulatory Mechanisms of Sialylation in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Liver Hepatocellular Carcinoma (LIHC) is a high-mortality primary liver cancer. Its treatment and prognosis are highly dependent on disease stage and ...

Single-nucleus multi-omics dissection of dysregulated trophoblast development and disrupted immune microenvironment in complete hydatidiform moles.

Hydatidiform mole (HM) is driven by aberrant trophoblast proliferation, disrupting embryonic development and leading to pregnancy loss with increased ...

Puerarin mitigates tumor necrosis factor-nuclear factor-κB axis-driven macrophage inflammation and atherogenesis: Integrative network pharmacology and experimental validation.

BACKGROUND: Atherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease that constitutes the primary pathological basis of cardiovascular disorders. Althou...

Polysaccharide-functionalized gold, silver, and iron oxide nanoparticles for siRNA delivery: The role of artificial intelligence in design and optimization.

Polysaccharide-functionalized metallic nanoparticles (MFNPs), including gold (Au), silver (Ag), and iron oxide (Fe3O4), have emerged as promising nano...

Predicting non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) using machine learning algorithms: Evidence from a large-scale community cohort in Taiwan.

Closely associated with metabolic disorders, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) substantially increases the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma. T...

[Albumin-myoestatosis gauge assisted by an artificial intelligence tool as a prognostic factor in patients with metastatic colorectal-cancer].

Objectives: to evaluate the prognostic role of the marker albumin-myosteatosis (MAM) in Caucasian patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. Material...

Helping people navigate and make sense of cancer information: challenges and perspectives.

People living with cancer, and their caregivers and families, have access to many sources of health information. This brings both positives and challe...

Automated RECOMIA AI-based total metabolic tumor volume in lymphoma - a retrospective study.

When AI joins the table: evaluating large language model performance in soft tissue sarcoma tumor board decisions.

OBJECTIVES: Multidisciplinary tumor boards (MDTs) are critical for the personalized management of soft tissue sarcomas (STS), but they are limited by ...

Evaluating the cost-effectiveness of artificial intelligence in Barrett's surveillance.

Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a promising tool to detect early dysplasia in Barrett's esophagus (BE). However, the cost-effectiveness of...

Delta radiomics-based nomogram for preoperative prediction vessels encapsulating tumor clusters (VETC) and prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma using dynamic contrast-enhanced CT.

BACKGROUND: Vessels encapsulating tumor clusters (VETC) serve as a crucial adverse prognostic indicator in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study ...

UHRF2 related to sumoylation : assessment of its role in immune suppression and therapeutic potential in colorectal cancer.

SUMOylation is a critical post-translational modification of proteins. However, the roles of SUMOylation-related genes in regulating the tumor immune ...

Development and validation of an interpretable machine learning model for postoperative radiotherapy decision-making in ypN0 breast cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy: a real-world study.

OBJECTIVE: The subset of breast cancer patients with pathologic node-negative status (ypN0) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) who benefit from post...

From scalpel to robot: evolution and outlook of oncologic robotic surgery in Colombia.

INTRODUCTION: Robotic surgery has transformed the management of oncologic pathologies by offering minimally invasive approaches with improved precisio...

Transcriptome-based high-frequency recurrence index predicts frequent recurrence in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer after Bacillus Calmette-Guérin therapy.

BACKGROUND: High-frequency recurrence (HfR, ≥ 2 recurrences) in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) poses a significant clinical burden. Curren...

Annotation-free prediction of immunotherapy response in melanoma using single-cell transcriptomic data.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have transformed the advanced melanoma treatment landscape; however, a subset of patients achieve durable response...