Oncology/Hematology

GRATCR: Epitope-Specific T Cell Receptor Sequence Generation With Data-Efficient Pre-Trained Models.

T cell receptors (TCRs) play a crucial role in numerous immunotherapies targeting tumor cells. However, their acquisition and optimization present significant challenges, involving laborious and time-consuming wet lab experimental resource. Deep generative models have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in functional protein sequence generation, offering a promising solution for enhancing the acq...

Development of Machine Learning Models for Predicting Radiation Dermatitis in Breast Cancer Patients Using Clinical Risk Factors, Patient-Reported Outcomes, and Serum Cytokine Biomarkers.

BACKGROUND: Radiation dermatitis (RD) is a significant side effect of radiotherapy experienced by breast cancer patients. Severe symptoms include desquamation or ulceration of irradiated skin, which impacts quality of life and increases healthcare costs. Early identification of patients at risk for severe RD can facilitate preventive management and reduce severe symptoms. This study evaluated the ...

StackTHP: A stacking ensemble model for accurate prediction of tumor-homing peptides in cancer therapy.

The tumor-homing peptides (THPs) have emerged as one of the attractive resources for targeted cancer therapy, being able to bind and penetrate tumor c...

Deep learning for hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence before and after liver transplantation: a multicenter cohort study.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) recurrence after liver transplantation (LT) is a major contributor to mortality. We developed a recurrence prediction s...

Impact of [F]FDG PET/CT Radiomics and Artificial Intelligence in Clinical Decision Making in Lung Cancer: Its Current Role.

Lung cancer remains one of the most prevalent cancers globally and the leading cause of cancer-related deaths, accounting for nearly one-fifth of all ...

Comparison of the accuracy of GPT-4 and resident physicians in differentiating benign and malignant thyroid nodules.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the diagnostic performance of the GPT-4 model in comparison to resident physicians in distinguishing between benign and malignant...

Efficient Brain Tumor Detection and Segmentation Using DN-MRCNN With Enhanced Imaging Technique.

This article proposes a method called DenseNet 121-Mask R-CNN (DN-MRCNN) for the detection and segmentation of brain tumors. The main objective is to ...

Predicting the complexity of minimally invasive liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma using machine learning.

BACKGROUND: Despite technical advancements, minimally invasive liver surgery (MILS) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains challenging. Nonetheles...

Discovery of mutations predictive of survival benefit from immunotherapy in first-line NSCLC: A retrospective machine learning study of IMpower150 liquid biopsy data.

Predictive biomarker identification in cancer treatment has traditionally relied on pre-defined analyses, limiting discoveries to expected biomarkers ...

Assessments of lung nodules by an artificial intelligence chatbot using longitudinal CT images.

Large language models have shown efficacy across multiple medical tasks. However, their value in the assessment of longitudinal follow-up computed tom...

Deep learning-assisted identification and localization of ductal carcinoma from bulk tissue in-silico models generated through polarized Monte Carlo simulations.

Despite significant progress in diagnosis and treatment, breast cancer remains a formidable health challenge, emphasizing the continuous need for rese...

Identification of novel diagnostic and prognostic microRNAs in sarcoma on TCGA dataset: bioinformatics and machine learning approach.

The discovery of unique microRNA (miR) patterns and their corresponding genes in sarcoma patients indicates their involvement in cancer development an...

Breast cancer prediction based on gene expression data using interpretable machine learning techniques.

Breast cancer remains a global health burden, with an increase in deaths related to this particular cancer. Accurately predicting and diagnosing breas...

Automated Electrical Detection of Proteins for Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma in an Integrated Microfluidic Chip Using Multi-Frequency Impedance Cytometry and Machine Learning.

Proteins can act as suitable biomarkers for the prognosis and diagnosis of certain conditions and can help us gain an understanding of the fundamental...

Machine-learning diagnostics of breast cancer using piRNA biomarkers.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Prior studies have shown that small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs) are associated with cancer occurrence or development. Recentl...

An Adaptive Dendritic Neural Model for Lung Cancer Prediction.

Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths, often diagnosed late due to its aggressive nature. This study presents a novel Adaptive Dendr...

Prediction of Lymph Node Metastasis in Lung Cancer Using Deep Learning of Endobronchial Ultrasound Images With Size on CT and PET-CT Findings.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Echo features of lymph nodes (LNs) influence target selection during endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle a...

Potential of AI and ML in oncology research including diagnosis, treatment and future directions: A comprehensive prospective.

Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) have emerged as transformative tools in cancer research, offering the ability to process huge d...

Machine learning identifies clinical tumor mutation landscape pathways of resistance to checkpoint inhibitor therapy in NSCLC.

BACKGROUND: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (CPIs) have revolutionized cancer therapy for several tumor indications. However, a substantial fraction of p...

Machine learning analysis identified NNMT as a potential therapeutic target for hepatocellular carcinoma based on PCD-related genes.

Programmed cell death (PCD) plays a critical role in cancer biology, influencing tumor progression and treatment response. This study aims to investig...