Orthopedics

Three-dimensional artificial intelligence-based computed tomography analysis of lower limb muscle volume and fatty degeneration in varus and valgus knee osteoarthritis: a single-center retrospective study.

BACKGROUND: Despite the high prevalence of knee osteoarthritis, the anatomical factors that characterize distinct deformity patterns remain unclear. This study aimed to compare the three-dimensional (3D) lower-limb musculature between varus and valgus knee osteoarthritis (OA) using an artificial intelligence (AI)-based computed tomography (CT) segmentation, evaluating whole-muscle volume, fatty de...

Identification of potential key efferocytosis-related genes in rheumatoid arthritis using machine learning.

BACKGROUND: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by synovial inflammation and joint destruction. Efferocytosis is a critical immune process through which the body clears apoptotic cells. Its dysfunction is closely associated with the development of various autoimmune diseases, but its mechanism in RA remains unclear. This study aims to systematically screen candi...

TASC: a time-aware sequence clustering framework with uncertainty quantification for electronic health record trajectories.

Longitudinal electronic health record (EHR) trajectories are highly heterogeneous, sparse, and irregular, making unsupervised temporal pattern discove...

Artificial intelligence-driven elucidation of the mechanistic links between proximal joint strength and tibial loading in Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome runners: implications for precision rehabilitation.

OBJECTIVES: This study leveraged machine learning algorithms to observationally elucidate how proximal joint muscle activation patterns-particularly t...

Artificial-Intelligence-Assisted Radiographic Assessment of Temporomandibular Joint Osteoarthritis: External Validation, Device Robustness, and Clinical Translation.

A Pocketed Immunoblotting Disc for Field-Deployable Profiling of Multiantibody Spectrum.

Rapid profiling of an unexpected blood group antibody spectrum plays a critical role in emergency medicine. However, field-deployable profiling still ...

Integrated Machine-Learning Framework for Balanced Performance-Safety Design of Iron-Based Remediation Materials.

Optimizing iron-based materials via surface coatings and lattice engineering has been a major research focus for environmental remediation, yet higher...

Machine learning (ML) in intraoperative neuromonitoring (IONM): proof of concept.

PURPOSE: Intraoperative neuromonitoring (IONM) improves safety during pediatric spinal deformity surgery by providing real-time neurophysiological ass...

Clinical Applicability of Artificial Intelligence-Driven Implant Planning and Surgical Guide Design in the Maxillary Esthetic Zone: A Registry-Based Cohort Study.

OBJECTIVES: This study evaluated the accuracy, time efficiency, and workflow consistency of artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted versus human expert ...

Artificial intelligence for predicting the pubertal growth spurt using cephalometric and hand-wrist radiographs: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

INTRODUCTION: The optimal timing of dentofacial orthopedic and growth-modifying orthodontic interventions depends on accurate assessment of skeletal m...

A combined approach for predicting elbow joint moment and muscle force during dumbbell kickback in females using simulation-driven machine learning and metaheuristic optimization.

This study evaluates metaheuristic hyperparameter optimization for estimating elbow joint moment (EJM) and triceps brachii muscle force (TBMF) during ...

A Machine Learning Approach to Determine the Optimal Age for Total Hip Arthroplasty: When Is Risk for Adverse Outcomes Lowest?

INTRODUCTION: With evolving lifestyles and improvements in surgical techniques, the utilization of total hip arthroplasty (THA) is growing across pati...

Agreement between three state-of-the-art deep learning bone age estimation models and chronological age in a large contemporary pediatric cohort.

BACKGROUND: Radiographic bone age estimation is routinely performed in children to evaluate short stature, early or late puberty, and endocrine disord...

A multimodal prediction framework for colorectal cancer peritoneal metastasis: CT-based tumor and adipose tissue analysis.

Accurate preoperative assessment of CT-occult peritoneal metastasis (PM) in colorectal cancer is critical for clinical decision-making. This study dem...

Cost-Effectiveness of AI-Assisted Kellgren-Lawrence Grading of Knee Osteoarthritis in the South Korean Health-Care System.

BACKGROUND: Early diagnosis of knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is often delayed due to reliance on subjective interpretation of radiographs. Recent advances...

Accuracy of machine learning in predicting recurrence risk of lumbar disc herniation after percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Lumbar disc herniation (LDH) is a major cause of low back pain and radicular leg pain. Percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy (PELD) is...

Integrating deep learning techniques for analysis of chin morphology among Han Chinese individuals using a large cone-beam computed tomography dataset.

OBJECTIVES: To characterize chin morphology and investigate its associations with sex, as well as various sagittal and vertical skeletal patterns. MAT...

Artificial intelligence-driven data expansion for the validation of spinopelvic parameter correlations in asymptomatic subjects.

BACKGROUND: The study of spinopelvic alignment in asymptomatic individuals is essential for understanding physiological sagittal balance and establish...

ABCA8 drives bone loss via disrupting Th17/Treg imbalance: a novel immunometabolic target for osteoporosis.

BACKGROUND: Osteoporosis is a metabolic bone disease characterized by reduced bone mass and microarchitectural deterioration, with complex involvement...

Large Language Models for Cholesteatoma Diagnosis: A Pathology-Validated Study.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of the large language model (LLM) Gemini 2.5 for cholesteatoma detection using histopathology as th...