Orthopedics

A Snake-Inspired Layer-Driven Continuum Robot.

Continuum robots with redundant degrees of freedom and postactuated devices are suitable for application in aerospace, nuclear facilities, and other narrow and multiobstacle special environments. The development of a snake-inspired continuum robot is presented in this study. The morphological skeleton structure of the snake body is simulated using underactuated continuum joints, which include seve...

Classification and Automated Interpretation of Spinal Posture Data Using a Pathology-Independent Classifier and Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI).

Clinical classification models are mostly pathology-dependent and, thus, are only able to detect pathologies they have been trained for. Research is needed regarding pathology-independent classifiers and their interpretation. Hence, our aim is to develop a pathology-independent classifier that provides prediction probabilities and explanations of the classification decisions. Spinal posture data o...

3D MRI Models of the Musculoskeletal System.

Computed tomography (CT) is most commonly used to produce three-dimensional (3D) models for evaluating bone and joint morphology in clinical practice....

Vanishing Bone Disease of the Thoracic Cage: Challenges in the Management of a Rare Entity.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: Vanishing bone disease (VBD) is a rare entity, characterized by massive osteolysis and lymphovascular proliferation. Our objecti...

Quantification of local zinc and tungsten deposits in bone with LA-ICP-MS using novel hydroxyapatite-collagen calibration standards.

Tungsten has recently emerged as a potential toxicant and is known to heterogeneously deposit in bone as reactive polytungstates. Zinc, which accumula...

Brain emotional learning impedance control of uncertain nonlinear systems with time delay: Experiments on a hybrid elastic joint robot in telesurgery.

Telesurgical robot control is a significant example of an uncertain nonlinear system, as it involves various complexities, including unknown master/sl...

Deep Learning-Based Image Feature with Arthroscopy-Aided Early Diagnosis and Treatment of Meniscus Injury of Knee Joint.

The aim of this study is to explore the clinical effect of deep learning-based MRI-assisted arthroscopy in the early treatment of knee meniscus sports...

Automated bone mineral density prediction and fracture risk assessment using plain radiographs via deep learning.

Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is underutilized to measure bone mineral density (BMD) and evaluate fracture risk. We present an automated tool...

Image Quality and Diagnostic Performance of Accelerated Shoulder MRI With Deep Learning-Based Reconstruction.

Shoulder MRI using standard multiplanar sequences requires long scan times. Accelerated sequences have tradeoffs in noise and resolution. Deep learni...

Can DXA image-based deep learning model predict the anisotropic elastic behavior of trabecular bone?

3D image-based finite element (FE) and bone volume fraction (BV/TV)/fabric tensor modeling techniques are currently used to determine the apparent sti...

Design and analysis of a novel tendon-driven continuum robotic dolphin.

In this paper, a novel continuum robotic dolphin termed 'ConRoDolI' is proposed and developed. The biomimetic robot features dual tendon driving conti...

Multiclass classification of whole-body scintigraphic images using a self-defined convolutional neural network with attention modules.

PURPOSE: A self-defined convolutional neural network is developed to automatically classify whole-body scintigraphic images of concern (i.e., the norm...

Preoperative prediction of postoperative urinary retention in lumbar surgery: a comparison of regression to multilayer neural network.

OBJECTIVE: Postoperative urinary retention (POUR) is a common complication after spine surgery and is associated with prolongation of hospital stay, i...

Markerless analysis of hindlimb kinematics in spinal cord-injured mice through deep learning.

Rodent models are commonly used to understand the underlying mechanisms of spinal cord injury (SCI). Kinematic analysis, an important technique to mea...

Deep learning detects acute myeloid leukemia and predicts NPM1 mutation status from bone marrow smears.

The evaluation of bone marrow morphology by experienced hematopathologists is essential in the diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML); however, it ...

AAN-Face: Attention Augmented Networks for Face Recognition.

Convolutional neural networks are capable of extracting powerful representations for face recognition. However, they tend to suffer from poor generali...

Utility of machine learning algorithms in degenerative cervical and lumbar spine disease: a systematic review.

Machine learning is a rapidly evolving field that offers physicians an innovative and comprehensive mechanism to examine various aspects of patient da...

Multitask Deep Learning for Segmentation and Classification of Primary Bone Tumors on Radiographs.

Background An artificial intelligence model that assesses primary bone tumors on radiographs may assist in the diagnostic workflow. Purpose To develop...

ReFeaFi: Genome-wide prediction of regulatory elements driving transcription initiation.

Regulatory elements control gene expression through transcription initiation (promoters) and by enhancing transcription at distant regions (enhancers)...

Deep Learning-Based Natural Language Processing in Radiology: The Impact of Report Complexity, Disease Prevalence, Dataset Size, and Algorithm Type on Model Performance.

In radiology, natural language processing (NLP) allows the extraction of valuable information from radiology reports. It can be used for various downs...