Orthopedics

AI-Assisted Clinical Data Abstraction From Electronic Health Records: Retrospective Concordance Study.

BACKGROUND: Manual chart abstraction from electronic health records is a critical step in clinical outcomes research but is time-intensive and prone to human error. Advances in artificial intelligence (AI), particularly large language models, offer the potential to automate the extraction of structured data from unstructured clinical documentation with improved efficiency and consistency. OBJECTIV...

Bisphenol a exposure induces low back pain associated with intervertebral disc degeneration via BIRC3-mediated nucleus pulposus cell senescence.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the correlation of bisphenol A (BPA) exposure with low back pain (LBP) and determine if the underlying molecular mechanism involved accelerating intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). METHODS: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2009-2010 data (n = 1163) were subjected to weighted logistic regression and restricted cubic spline analyses to li...

AI-Based Longitudinal Scoliosis Monitoring on EOS Whole-Spine Radiographs in a Pediatric to Young Adult Cohort.

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: Manual Cobb angle measurement can exhibit high interrater variability, potentially affecting scoliosis management decisions....

An X-ray Dataset and Benchmark for AI-Based Diagnosis of Monteggia Fractures.

Monteggia fractures exhibit a high missed diagnosis rate of over 20%, largely attributable to their subtle radiographic presentation and frequently lo...

Pediatric fracture classification in plain radiographs using EfficientNetV2 with proximal policy optimization fine-tuning.

Pediatric fracture detection in plain radiographs presents distinct clinical challenges due to the presence of growth plates, incomplete ossification,...

Comparative outcomes of proton and photon therapy in the management of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors.

BACKGROUND: Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors (MPNSTs) are aggressive sarcomas often arising in the spine, characterized by high metastatic pot...

A predictive tool incorporating frailty scores for perioperative risk assessment in patients with spinal metastasis: a national retrospective cohort study.

BACKGROUND: Surgical treatment for spinal metastases is associated with high perioperative risk due to tumor burden, neurologic compromise, and limite...

Deep Learning-Assisted Three-Dimensional Segmentation of Vertebrobasilar Artery Calcification in Cone Beam Computed Tomography.

VBAC assessment is crucial for stroke risk evaluation, but manual segmentation is time-consuming and subject to inter-observer variability. We develop...

Performance of large language models on undergraduate endodontic multiple-choice questions.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy and consistency of responses provided by three large language models (LLMs), ChatGPT-5.2, Gemini-...

DeepKneeXR: YOLOv8 multi-label X-rays detection of knee abnormalities from sports injury with clinical explainability.

BACKGROUND: Soft-tissue knee abnormalities are common, yet first-line radiography provides limited soft-tissue contrast, whereas MRI or arthroscopy is...

Luminescence properties of fluoride laser crystals: a joint prediction model based on universal atomic embedded graph neural networks and transfer learning.

Predicting the luminescence properties of fluoride laser crystals in the 3-5 µm mid-infrared bands is challenging due to data scarcity and inefficient...

Magnetically actuated microrobotic system for sequential treatment of biofilm.

Biofilm-associated infections present a critical therapeutic challenge due to antibiotic resistance and impaired tissue healing. Here, we present a mi...

Automated detection of lumbar disc herniation at L4-L5 and L5-S1 levels on sagittal MRI using a YOLO-based deep learning model.

OBJECTIVE: To conduct a preliminary single-center feasibility study of a YOLO-based deep-learning model for automated detection of lumbar disc herniat...

Machine learning-guided design of cooperative multi-size hydrogel microspheres for osteoarthritis therapy.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a multifactorial joint disease propelled by interrelated pathological processes including synovial inflammation, failure of joi...

Image sharpening improves the visibility of reference points on low-dose lateral cephalometric radiographs: a phantom study.

This phantom study aimed to determine whether a novel non-artificial intelligence image-sharpening approach improves the visibility of reference point...

Deep learning-based chemical shift-artifact correction of ZTE MRI for enhanced bone depiction of the lumbar spine.

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: Zero echo time (ZTE) is an advanced MRI technique providing CT-like images of mineralized tissues. This study evaluates the ...

Deep learning based vertebra localization and Cobb angle estimation using x-ray images.

PURPOSE: Scoliosis (a spinal ailment) with improper lateral curvature and rotational abnormalities may have a significant impact on the general health...

A multicenter study on the prediction model for chronic low back pain after lumbar decompression surgery in patients with diabetes mellitus: integration of metabolic and paraspinal muscle features.

OBJECTIVE: Based on multicenter clinical data, this study aimed to develop and validate a predictive model for chronic low back pain (CLBP) after lumb...

Adversarial attacks on a multimodal Alzheimer's disease detection system reveal complex interdependences between heterogeneous modalities.

Multi-modal models that fuse neuroimaging with clinical assessment data represent the current state of the art for automated Alzheimer's disease detec...

Cilia SubQ: a modular suite of semi- and fully automated pipelines for analysis of primary cilia and ciliary subdomains.

Primary cilia are conserved, antenna-like sensory organelles that protrude from the surface of most vertebrate cells. Their core function is to detect...