Orthopedics

Human sensory-musculoskeletal modeling and control of whole-body movements

Coordinated human movement depends on the integration of multisensory inputs, sensorimotor transformation, and motor execution, as well as sensory feedback resulting from body-environment interaction. Building dynamic models of the sensory-musculoskeletal system is essential for understanding movement control and investigating human behaviours. Here, we report a human sensory-musculoskeletal mod...

Improved Accuracy in Pelvic Tumor Resections Using a Real-Time Vision-Guided Surgical System

Pelvic bone tumor resections remain significantly challenging due to complex three-dimensional anatomy and limited surgical visualization. Current navigation systems and patient-specific instruments, while accurate, present limitations including high costs, radiation exposure, workflow disruption, long production time, and lack of reusability. This study evaluates a real-time vision-guided surgi...

Application of machine learning algorithms in osteoporosis analysis based on cardiovascular health assessed by life's essential 8: a cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Life's Essential 8 (LE8) for assessing cardiovascular health (CVH) has been demonstrated to be inversely associated with osteoporosis (OP)...

Comparative Analysis of Feature Extraction Methods and Machine Learning Models for Predicting Osteoporosis Prevalence.

This study systematically examined the impact of three feature selection techniques (Boruta, Extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), and Lasso) for optim...

Deep Learning-Based BMD Estimation from Radiographs with Conformal Uncertainty Quantification

Limited DXA access hinders osteoporosis screening. This proof-of-concept study proposes using widely available knee X-rays for opportunistic Bone Mi...

Real-time segmentation and detection of ponticulus posticus in lateral cephalometric radiographs using YOLOv8: a step towards enhanced clinical evaluation.

OBJECTIVES: Ponticulus posticus (PP) is a bony structure in the cervical spine, often difficult to identify in radiographic images, and its detection ...

Machine learning based differential diagnosis of SAPHO syndrome and secondary bone tumors using whole body bone scintigraphy.

SAPHO syndrome is an inflammatory disorder with bone and cutaneous manifestations, for which whole-body bone scintigraphy (WBBS) is frequently used in...

From human hand joints to continuum robot: how articular surface morphology shapes flexibility and stability in template-based designs.

The design of continuum robots often involves a dilemma between flexibility and stiffness, where increased flexibility may reduce stiffness and contro...

Automatic assessment of lower limb deformities using high-resolution X-ray images.

BACKGROUND: Planning an osteotomy or arthroplasty surgery on a lower limb requires prior classification/identification of its deformities. The detecti...

Clinical and economic effectiveness of Schroth therapy in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: insights from a machine learning- and active learning-based real-world study.

BACKGROUND: Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a prevalent musculoskeletal condition affecting approximately 2-3% of the adolescent population. ...

Refining Few-Step Text-to-Multiview Diffusion via Reinforcement Learning

Text-to-multiview (T2MV) generation, which produces coherent multiview images from a single text prompt, remains computationally intensive, while ac...

ICDM: Interference Cancellation Diffusion Models for Wireless Semantic Communications

Diffusion models (DMs) have recently achieved significant success in wireless communications systems due to their denoising capabilities. The broadc...

Multi-Timescale Motion-Decoupled Spiking Transformer for Audio-Visual Zero-Shot Learning

Audio-visual zero-shot learning (ZSL) has been extensively researched for its capability to classify video data from unseen classes during training....

MLLM-Guided VLM Fine-Tuning with Joint Inference for Zero-Shot Composed Image Retrieval

Existing Zero-Shot Composed Image Retrieval (ZS-CIR) methods typically train adapters that convert reference images into pseudo-text tokens, which a...

Interpretable machine learning for predicting optimal surgical timing in polytrauma patients with TBI and fractures to reduce postoperative infection risk.

This retrospective study leverages machine learning to determine the optimal timing for fracture reconstruction surgery in polytrauma patients, focusi...

Integrating bioinformatics and machine learning to identify biomarkers of branched chain amino acid related genes in osteoarthritis.

BACKGROUND: Branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) metabolism is significantly associated with osteoarthritis (OA), but the specific mechanism of BCAA rela...

Enhancing patient rehabilitation outcomes: artificial intelligence-driven predictive modeling for home discharge in neurological and orthopedic conditions.

In recent years, the fusion of the medical and computer science domains has gained significant traction in the scientific research landscape. Progress...

Scalable Generation of Spatial Transcriptomics from Histology Images via Whole-Slide Flow Matching

Spatial transcriptomics (ST) has emerged as a powerful technology for bridging histology imaging with gene expression profiling. However, its applic...

Rapid Development of Efficient Participant-Specific Computational Models of the Wrist

While computational modeling may help to develop new treatment options for hand and wrist injuries, at present, few models exist. The time and exper...

PolyPose: Localizing Deformable Anatomy in 3D from Sparse 2D X-ray Images using Polyrigid Transforms

Determining the 3D pose of a patient from a limited set of 2D X-ray images is a critical task in interventional settings. While preoperative volumet...