Orthopedics

Deep learning based vertebra localization and Cobb angle estimation using x-ray images.

PURPOSE: Scoliosis (a spinal ailment) with improper lateral curvature and rotational abnormalities may have a significant impact on the general health and physical development of a person. For thediagnosis of this problem, Cobb angle measurement is required from Anterior-Posterior (AP) X-ray images. At present, a manual estimate is performed, which is time-consuming and prone to error.Usingthis du...

A multicenter study on the prediction model for chronic low back pain after lumbar decompression surgery in patients with diabetes mellitus: integration of metabolic and paraspinal muscle features.

OBJECTIVE: Based on multicenter clinical data, this study aimed to develop and validate a predictive model for chronic low back pain (CLBP) after lumbar decompression surgery in patients with diabetes mellitus and lumbar disc herniation. The model integrated metabolic indicators and imaging-derived features of the paraspinal muscles. METHODS: This study was designed as a multicenter retrospective ...

Adversarial attacks on a multimodal Alzheimer's disease detection system reveal complex interdependences between heterogeneous modalities.

Multi-modal models that fuse neuroimaging with clinical assessment data represent the current state of the art for automated Alzheimer's disease detec...

Cilia SubQ: a modular suite of semi- and fully automated pipelines for analysis of primary cilia and ciliary subdomains.

Primary cilia are conserved, antenna-like sensory organelles that protrude from the surface of most vertebrate cells. Their core function is to detect...

Scoping review: artificial intelligence in patient education for scoliosis.

BACKGROUND: Scoliosis is a prominent and disabling spinal deformity often presenting in adolescence, causing pain and movement dysfunction. Treatment ...

Sex estimation from morphometry of lumbar vertebrae (L4-L5): A machine learning approach.

BACKGROUND: Sex estimation is the first and most important step in establishing a reliable biological identity during the examination of skeletal rema...

Explainable foundation model for dementia screening and risk stratification using retinal fundus images.

Dementia is a growing global health challenge, and early identification is essential for timely intervention. We evaluated whether foundation model-ba...

Preoperative MRI and clinical indicators for predicting meniscal repairability: a machine learning-based study.

OBJECTIVES: To develop and internally validate a radiology-centered machine-learning model using preoperative MRI and clinical characteristics to pred...

Diagnostic accuracy of artificial intelligence for spinopelvic parameters in standing total spine X-ray and limitations after fusion surgery.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the accuracy of a commercial deep learning algorithm in measuring spinopelvic parameters on full spine radiographs. MATERIALS A...

Identification and validation of novel diagnostic biomarkers across multiple tissues in osteoarthritis.

BACKGROUND: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease characterized by synovial inflammation, cartilage degradation, and subchondral bone re...

ISSLS Prize in Bioengineering Science 2026: Hidden in Plain Sight: Machine Learning-Assisted MRI Reveals Novel Vertebral Body Biomarkers of Chronic Low Back Pain in Humans.

PURPOSE: To identify signal and spatial biomarkers in the lumbar vertebrae of individuals with and without non-specific chronic low back pain (NSCLBP)...

Prediction of Acromial and Scapular Spine Fractures After Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty using Machine Learning: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

BACKGROUND: Acromial and scapular spine fractures (ASSF) are an uncommon but significant complication following reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (r...

Body composition's effect on the bone-vascular axis of osteoporosis discovered in AI-based CT analysis of COPD patients.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to investigate the effect of body composition on the inverse relationship between vertebral bone density (T12 BMD) and to...

Research progress on debridement, antibiotics, and implant retention (DAIR) for the treatment of periprosthetic joint infection after artificial joint replacement.

Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is one of the most serious complications following artificial joint replacement, posing significant treatment cha...

Meta-analysis and Systematic Review of Diagnostic Performance of Machine Learning Algorithms on Skeletally Mature Wrist Fractures.

BACKGROUND: Wrist fractures are prevalent, and the diagnostic performance of artificial intelligence for their detection requires clarification. This ...

High-Performance Weavable Piezoelectret Fibers via Scalable In Situ Poling Melt-Spinning for Real-Time Knee Joint Rehabilitation Monitoring.

The scalable production of high-performance piezoelectric fibers remains a major hurdle for smart textile applications. Here, we report an in situ pol...

Comparing Speed and Accuracy of Artificial Intelligence Large Language Models on the Orthopedic In-Training Examination.

OBJECTIVES: Large language models (LLMs), such as Open AI's Chat Generative Pre-Trained Transformer (GPT)-4 and Google Gemini, have gained significant...

Low-Field Neuroimaging: Opportunities and Limitations.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at low magnetic field strengths (under 1 T) has seen renewed interest, driven by technological advances that enhance ...

Automated Optic Disc Tilt Classification in Fundus Photographs Using Segmentation and the Elliptical Ratio: External Clinical Validation Study.

BACKGROUND: Optic disc tilt is a morphological change in myopic eyes that complicates clinical interpretation and artificial intelligence (AI)-based a...

MMP9 mediates 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD)-induced osteoarthritis cartilage damage via regulating the p38 MAPK pathway: A mechanistic study based on network toxicology and multi-omics.

2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), a highly toxic persistent organic pollutant (POP), is associated with musculoskeletal disorders, yet its m...