Other Cancers

Diagnostic performance of artificial intelligence models in hepatocellular carcinoma: a systematic review and diagnostic meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVE: To systematically evaluate the diagnostic performance of artificial intelligence (AI) models for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and to pool sensitivity and specificity using a diagnostic meta-analysis, with further assessment of the robustness of findings across different validation levels. METHODS: Original studies on AI-based diagnosis of HCC were systematically searched. Literature s...

Synthetic Inducible Bacteria Normalize the Microenvironment of Refractory Tumors, Potentiating Checkpoint Inhibitor Responses.

Immunotherapy has transformed cancer treatment but remains ineffective in many solid tumors, largely due to the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). A dense/stiff extracellular matrix (ECM) can hinder immune cell infiltration, limiting therapeutic success. To overcome this challenge, we developed a live biotherapeutic platform using engineered programmable bacteria that offer advantages...

Clinical outcomes and predictors of response to PD-(L)1 blockade in patients with NSCLC without actionable genomic alterations who never used tobacco.

PURPOSE: Predictive biomarkers of response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) remain poorly defined in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NS...

Beyond gross total resection (GTR): Deep peritumoral radiomics for predicting overall survival (OS) and O6-methylguanine-DNA-methyltransferase promoter methylation (MGMTpm) status in glioblastoma multiforme.

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) is an aggressive and highly heterogeneous brain tumor with poor survival outcomes. While convent...

Peptides as integrative modulators for clinical prognosis and targeted therapy in pancreatic cancer.

Pancreatic cancer remains a formidable global health challenge, ranking as the twelfth most common malignancy yet claiming an outsized toll with disma...

Calcite nanoparticles as advanced, pH-responsive platforms for cancer therapy: a comprehensive and critical review.

Nanomedicine offers powerful opportunities to overcome the pharmacokinetic and microenvironmental limitations of conventional chemotherapy, particular...

Explainable machine learning incorporating CHI3L1 enhances liver fibrosis staging in chronic hepatitis B: The CHILI multicenter study.

BACKGROUND: Identifying significant liver fibrosis (≥F2) is critical for initiating antiviral therapy in chronic hepatitis B (CHB). Chitinase-3-like p...

Artificial Intelligence Based High Resolution Melting Analysis for Comprehensive Calreticulin Mutation Screening and Novel Variant Detection in Myeloproliferative Neoplasms.

INTRODUCTION: Current CALR mutation screening in myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) faces a trade-off between coverage and cost: allele-specific qPCR...

A longitudinal whole-body CT dataset with manually annotated tumor lesions.

We introduce Longitudinal-CT, a publicly available resource of whole-body computed tomography (CT) studies with exhaustive expert manual annotations o...

Automatic computation of breast cancer biomarkers from multiple [Formula: see text] F-FDG PET image segmentation.

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is a standard clinical practice for tumor downsizing in breast cancer, with [Formula: see text]F-FDG Positron Emission Tomogr...

Identification of GCNT3 as a glycometabolism-associated biomarker in endometrial cancer.

Endometrial carcinoma (EC) incidence is increasing, with diabetes mellitus (DM) elevating EC risk. This study investigates the glycometabolism-associa...

Bufalin targets E2F2 to transcriptionally inhibit LINC01410 and suppress Wnt/β-catenin signaling in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Bufalin, a main active monomer component extracted from the Traditional Chinese Medicine toad venom, exhibits potent anti-tumour activity across diver...

Cytokines and immunologic checkpoint molecules in predicting success of allergen immunotherapy.

There are large variations in how individual patients respond to allergen immunotherapy (AIT) against grass and/or birch allergy. There are currently ...

Evaluating reasoning models for therapy recommendations in gastrointestinal stromal tumors: expert and LLM-based evaluations of OpenAI o1 and DeepSeek-R1.

PURPOSE: This study aims to evaluate two advanced reasoning LLMs in generating treatment recommendations for real-world gastrointestinal stromal tumor...

Metabolomic profiling of exhaled breath condensate identifies a novel biomarker panel for detecting thyroid and breast cancer.

BACKGROUND: The non-invasive detection of cancer via exhaled breath condensate (EBC) represents a promising frontier in oncology. This study explores ...

A novel hybrid framework integrating GA-driven 3D ResUNetGAN for MRI brain tumor segmentation.

Accurate brain tumor segmentation by multi-modal MRI is crucial for diagnosis, treatment planning, and prognostic assessment. This work proposes a nov...

DNA methylation biomarkers associated with early gastric cardia carcinogenesis.

Gastric cardia cancer (GCC) is an aggressive malignancy with poor prognosis, underscoring the need for better characterization of molecular alteration...

A workflow utilizing general-purpose large language models for efficient structuring and data mining of bone scintigraphy narratives.

Whole-body bone scintigraphy is pivotal for skeletal evaluation in oncological monitoring, yet the unstructured nature of clinical reports impedes eff...

Multi-task deep learning assists detection and diagnosis of gliomas and brain metastases.

Gliomas and brain metastases (BMs) on MRI pose significant diagnostic challenges for radiologists. This study aims to develop a multi-task model and a...

Machine learning-based integrative analysis identifies CXCL13-driven tertiary lymphoid structures as favorable immune and prognostic features in osteosarcoma.

BACKGROUND: Osteosarcoma, an aggressive bone malignancy with limited response to immunotherapy, remains a major clinical challenge. Tertiary lymphoid ...