Pathology

Machine learning and multi-omics analysis reveal key regulators of proneural-mesenchymal transition in glioblastoma.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is classified into subtypes according to the molecular expression profile; the proneural subtype has a relatively good prognosis, and the mesenchymal type is the most aggressive form with the worst prognosis. GBM undergoes proneural-mesenchymal transition (PMT) during its evolution or in response to changes in the microenvironment or therapeutic interventions. PMT is accompanied...

Preoperative Identification of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Subtypes and Lymph Node Metastasis via Deep Learning-Assisted Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy.

Accurate preoperative diagnosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) histological subtypes and lymph node metastasis is essential for formulating personalized treatment strategies. However, their preoperative diagnosis is challenged by the limited reliability of cytological identification of histological subtypes and the low accuracy of lymph node detection using ultrasound imaging. Herein, a deep...

Amortized template matching of molecular conformations from cryoelectron microscopy images using simulation-based inference.

Characterizing the conformational ensemble of biomolecular systems is key to understand their functions. Cryoelectron microscopy (cryo-EM) captures tw...

An AI-assisted fluorescence microscopic system for screening mitophagy inducers by simultaneous analysis of mitophagic intermediates.

Mitophagy, the selective autophagic elimination of mitochondria, is essential for maintaining mitochondrial quality and cell homeostasis. Impairment o...

Digital removal of dermal denticle layer using geometric AI from 3D CT scans of shark craniofacial structures enhances anatomical precision.

Craniofacial morphometrics in sharks provide crucial insights into evolutionary history, geographical variation, sexual dimorphism, and developmental ...

Identification of key proteins and pathways in myocardial infarction using machine learning approaches.

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a leading cause of global morbidity and mortality, requiring deeper insights into its molecular mechanisms for im...

UNIK (Urologic Non-Neoplastic Investigation of Kidneys): a machine learning approach to decode benign lesion.

PURPOSE: Predicting the likelihood of benign neoplasia in patients with suspected renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a cornerstone of presurgical planning....

Application of ConvNeXt with transfer learning and data augmentation for malaria parasite detection in resource-limited settings using microscopic images.

Malaria continues to be a severe health problem across the globe, especially within resource-limited areas which lack both skilled diagnostic personne...

Immuno-transcriptomic analysis based on machine learning identifies immunity signature genes of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps.

Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is a prevalent inflammatory disease where immunomodulation plays a pivotal role. However, immuno-tra...

Deep learning-based electrical impedance spectroscopy analysis for malignant and potentially malignant oral disorder detection.

Electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) is a powerful tool used to investigate the properties of materials and biological tissues. This study presents...

Identifying a gene signature for age-related hearing loss through machine learning and revealing the effect of the CTSS on the mice cochlea.

Age-related hearing loss (ARHL) is one of the most common health conditions among the elderly population. This study used machine learning to screen f...

A Deep Learning-Based Artificial Intelligence Model Assisting Thyroid Nodule Diagnosis and Management: Pilot Results for Evaluating Thyroid Malignancy in Pediatric Cohorts.

Artificial intelligence (AI) models have shown promise in predicting malignant thyroid nodules in adults; however, research on deep learning (DL) for...

Intelligent and precise auxiliary diagnosis of breast tumors using deep learning and radiomics.

BACKGROUND: Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor among women worldwide, and early diagnosis is crucial for reducing mortality rates. Tradi...

Prediction of pathological grade of oral squamous cell carcinoma and construction of prognostic model based on deep learning algorithm.

The aim of this study is to establish a deep learning model for predicting the pathological grade of oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC) based on whole...

Tumor-specific draining lymph node CD8 T cells orchestrate an anti-tumor response to neoadjuvant PD-1 immune checkpoint blockade.

Elucidating the anti-tumor role of tumor-draining lymph nodes (tdLNs) in patients could offer critical mechanistic insight and shift therapeutic strat...

Emerging Imaging Technologies in Forensic Medicine: A Systematic Review of Innovations, Ethical Challenges, and Future Directions.

Forensic medicine has increasingly integrated advanced imaging technologies to improve the accuracy and efficiency of investigations. Techniques such ...

From Molecular Precision to Clinical Practice: A Comprehensive Review of Bispecific and Trispecific Antibodies in Hematologic Malignancies.

Multispecific antibodies have redefined the immunotherapeutic landscape in hematologic malignancies. Bispecific antibodies (BsAbs), which redirect cyt...

Machine-learning-informed scattering correlation analysis of sheared colloids.

We have carried out theoretical analysis, Monte Carlo simulations and machine-learning analysis to quantify microscopic rearrangements of dilute dispe...

Neuromethods: Basic Techniques for Evaluating the Nervous System in Nonclinical Studies.

The first session of the 2025 European Society of Toxicologic Pathology (ESTP) Congress reviewed routine and specialized methods for microscopic evalu...

NeoPred: dual-phase CT AI forecasts pathologic response to neoadjuvant chemo-immunotherapy in NSCLC.

BACKGROUND: Accurate preoperative prediction of major pathological response or pathological complete response after neoadjuvant chemo-immunotherapy re...