Pathology

A Tutorial on MRI Reconstruction: From Modern Methods to Clinical Implications.

MRI is an indispensable clinical tool, offering a rich variety of tissue contrasts to support broad diagnostic and research applications. Protocols can incorporate multiple structural, functional, diffusion, spectroscopic, or relaxometry sequences to provide complementary information for differential diagnosis, and to capture multidimensional insights into tissue structure and composition. However...

Advances in Avian Diagnostic Pathology: Current Trends, Challenges and Future Directions: A Review.

Avian pathology is the scientific study of diseases in birds, focusing on the structural, functional and molecular changes in tissues and organs caused by infections, toxins, nutritional deficiencies or others. It plays a critical role in maintaining poultry health, ensuring food security and supporting economic growth. The aim of this review is to highlight current trends, challenges and future d...

Identification of Hepatic Fibrosis and Steatosis via A Point-of-Care Transient Elastography System With Integrated AI.

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Transient elastography (TE) is routinely undertaken for non-invasive assessment of liver fibrosis and steatosis, but is limited by ...

Evaluating an AI-driven Triaging Workflow for MRI-based Clinically Significant Prostate Cancer Diagnosis: A Simulation Study.

Purpose To simulate an artificial intelligence (AI)-driven triaging workflow in which an AI system, using high-confidence thresholds, assesses a subse...

Phase and absorbance retrieval in X-ray holographic microscopy under weak illumination using physics-driven neural networks.

X-ray holographic microscopy is a three-dimensional (3D) imaging technique for nanoscale-resolution imaging of morphological features and phase contra...

HISTAI: a valuable dataset with a valuable lesson.

The application of artificial intelligence in computational pathology depends on both robust algorithms and high-quality, clinically reliable data. Pr...

Investigation of the Accuracy and Contributing Factors of AI-Based Diagnosis of Urothelial Carcinoma in Canine Abdominal Radiography.

Urothelial carcinoma (UC) is a highly malignant urinary cancer of the transitional epithelium in dogs. Recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI)...

Deep Learning Model Based on Tumor and Visceral Adipose Tissue CT Features for Predicting Peritoneal Metastasis Risk after Radical Gastrectomy in Serosa-Invasive Gastric Cancer.

Purpose To develop and validate a deep learning model integrating tumor and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) CT scan features with clinical indicators to...

Classifying Kidney Tumor via Adaptive SE-ResNeXt With Mutli-Novel Loss Function and Renal Mass Segmentation Using Pyramidal Attention-Based R2Unet++ Model.

Kidney tumors are one of the prevalent types of tumor globally and it has become a significant health concern. It is the most frequent type of urologi...

SORBS2: A Molecular Nexus in Multisystem Diseases Through Scaffold-Mediated Regulation.

Sorbin and SH3 Domain Containing 2 (SORBS2), a multifunctional scaffold protein harbouring Sorbin homology (SoHo) and Src homology 3 (SH3) domains, se...

A Triage Model for HR-HPV Positive Women Based on Methylation of Human and HPV Genes.

The aim of this study is to develop a machine learning triage model for HR-HPV positive women based on methylation patterns of human and HPV genes to ...

Cross-attention multimodal fusion for EGFR mutation prediction: A predictive model using CT and whole-slide images.

BACKGROUND: The prediction of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) mutation status in advanced lung adenocarcinoma is crucial for targeted therapy....

Integrated plasma proteomics and metabolomics reveal immunometabolic pathways and predictive signatures for age-related eye diseases.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Age-related eye diseases (AREDs) share aging as a major risk factor, but the systemic molecular changes preceding disease onset r...

Invisible Signals, Visible Dilemmas: The Ethical Frontiers of Liquid Biopsy in Precision Oncology.

This critical review synthesizes the ethical, technical, and equity dilemmas emerging from the rapid clinical translation of liquid biopsy technologie...

Artificial intelligence-driven early screening and diagnosis of pancreatic cancer: technical innovations, clinical applications, and precision medicine strategies.

BACKGROUND: Pancreatic cancer is characterized by prolonged subclinical progression, molecular heterogeneity, and late clinical presentation, resultin...

Machine learning-enhanced plasma proteomics discriminates pancreatic cancer-associated diabetes from type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is frequently preceded by new-onset diabetes mellitus (NODM), yet differentiating PDAC-associated DM from type...

Mutational signatures in blood-brain barrier: mechanisms, computational insights, and clinical applications in precision oncology.

The blood - brain barrier (BBB) plays a central role in maintaining central nervous system (CNS) homeostasis, and its disruption is a defining feature...

Multi-scale evidence chain: Linking environmental BPA exposure to ovarian cancer through integrated omics and experimental models.

BACKGROUND: Ovarian cancer (OC) is a leading cause of female cancer mortality. Beyond genetic and reproductive risk factors, emerging evidence suggest...

Malignant Transformation Risk in Patients With Oral Leukoplakia and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

INTRODUCTION AND AIMS: Oral leukoplakia (OLK) is the most common oral potentially malignant disorder, with a malignant transformation rate of up to 9....

Peripheral blood mononuclear cell DNA methylation signatures guide surgical decision-making in indeterminate pulmonary nodules.

BACKGROUND: Distinguishing malignant from benign pulmonary nodules remained a significant clinical challenge. Given the involvement of DNA methylation...