Pathology

AI-enhanced precision: boosting pathologist confidence in HER2 ultra-low diagnosis through intelligent re-screening.

Accurate assessment of Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2) immunohistochemistry (IHC) expression, particularly the precise identification of "HER2 ultra-low" status, is critical for guiding antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) therapies, such as trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd) in breast cancer. Given the difficulty and poor consistency in interpreting HER2 ultra-low expression, this study eval...

Protective Effects of Riociguat Against Contrast-Induced Nephropathy: An Experimental and Machine Learning-Based Study in Rats.

Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is an important cause of acute kidney injury following exposure to iodinated contrast media, and effective preventive strategies remain limited. This study investigated the renoprotective effects of riociguat, a soluble guanylate cyclase stimulator, in an experimental rat model of CIN and explored machine-learning-based prediction of renal injury using histopatho...

Noninvasive Detection of Occult yet Significant Liver Pathology in Alanine Aminotransferase-Normal Chronic Hepatitis B: A Multicenter Study.

BACKGROUND: Individuals with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) may harbor occult yet significant liver pathology despite normal alanine aminotransferase (ALT)...

Distillation-SAM: Knowledge Distillation Based Auto-prompt Embedding Learning for Surgical Image Segmentation.

Surgical image segmentation is vital for various stages of surgical procedures, from preoperative planning to real-time navigation and postoperative a...

Molecular and Pharmacogenetic Marker Evaluation in Relation to the Toxicity and Clinical Response of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Treatment in Indian Children (MPGx-INDALL): Protocol for a Prospective Observational Cohort Study.

BACKGROUND: Understanding interindividual variability in treatment response and toxicity is essential for optimizing outcomes in pediatric acute lymph...

Flow-QSM: bridging learned priors and physical models for quantitative susceptibility mapping.

OBJECTIVE: Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping (QSM) is a magnetic resonance imaging technique that quantifies tissue magnetic susceptibility by s...

Accuracy of Diagnosis and Anticipation of Future Treatment in Pediatric Peripelvic Infections: The Role of Multisurgeon Review and Implications for Future Machine Learning Algorithms.

INTRODUCTION: MRI is commonly used to evaluate pelvic musculoskeletal infections. Limited "quick" MRI protocols enable timely imaging without intraven...

Lithium battery fault diagnosis by integrating improved EMD decomposition algorithm and 2DCNN.

With the development of science and technology, lithium batteries, as important energy storage devices, have become a research hotspot for fault diagn...

Ganglioside-Mediated Neural-Acinar Crosstalk Facilitates Pancreatic Carcinogenesis via Metaplastic Niche Remodeling.

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Neural networks constitute a crucial component of the tumor microenvironment that remains underexplored in pancreatic carcinogenesi...

Twisted Tapestry of Tumors: Updates in Molecular Pathology of Breast Tumors.

This article explores the expanding role of molecular diagnostics in breast pathology. It emphasizes how immunohistochemistry, fluorescence in situ hy...

Prediction of thermally driven quasi-1D superionic states in carbon hydride under giant planetary conditions.

Planetary interiors experience high-pressure-high temperature conditions that give rise to unconventional states of matter, reshaping our understandin...

Tissue morphology predicts telomere shortening in human tissues.

We present TLPath, a deep learning framework that predicts bulk-tissue telomere length from tissue morphology extracted from routine histopathology im...

Comprehensive Multiomics Characterization of Perineural Invasion in Cervical Cancer Reveals Diagnostic Markers, Molecular Drivers, and Therapeutic Strategies.

UNLABELLED: Perineural invasion (PNI) is an important pathologic feature of cervical cancer that is associated with poor prognosis and provides key in...

An integrated microfluidic system for automatic and self-validated analysis of cervical extracellular vesicle markers PD-L1 and ERBB3.

The early and precise diagnosis of gynecological malignancies, such as cervical cancer, is critical for improving patient treatments. Extracellular ve...

Radiomics in fetal brain MRI: a narrative review.

Fetal MRI has emerged as a crucial supplement to prenatal ultrasonography in the evaluation of the developing brain and in identifying congenital defe...

Advances in the laboratory diagnosis of non-viral microbial keratitis.

Infectious keratitis remains a leading cause of corneal blindness and visual impairment worldwide, with bacterial, fungal, amoebic and viral pathogens...

Assessing interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy in kidney biopsies artificial intelligence versus humans.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The degree to which computerized methods, such as artificial intelligence (AI), will aid in the assessment of kidney histopathology...

Three-dimensional neural network driving self-interference digital holography enables high-fidelity, non-scanning volumetric fluorescence microscopy.

We present a deep learning driven computational approach to overcome the limitations of self-interference digital holography that is imposed by inferi...

Identification of potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for liver cirrhosis based on Mendelian randomization and machine learning.

BACKGROUND: Liver cirrhosis(LC) represents the end stage of chronic liver disease, yet reliable molecular markers remain limited. This study aimed to ...

Portable microrobotic platform for non-prehensile mechanophenotyping of biopsy-derived human cancer tissues.

Mechanical characterization of cancer tissues is crucial for understanding tumor progression and response to therapy. However, common mechanophenotypi...