Pediatrics

Building the Foundations for Trustworthy AI in Pediatrics.

Artificial intelligence (AI) adoption in health care is rapidly accelerating, with pediatrics positioned to benefit from improvements in quality, efficiency, and access to care. Recent frameworks have articulated ethical commitments for trustworthy AI in pediatrics, but less attention has been paid to the foundational infrastructure required to achieve them. In this article, we examine the challen...

WGCNA combined with machine learning identifies histone deacetylation-related diagnostic features for pediatric septic shock.

Pediatric septic shock is a severe form of sepsis with high mortality. Histone deacetylation is involved in sepsis-related disorders. This study investigated the diagnostic value of histone deacetylation-related genes in pediatric septic shock. Three Gene Expression Omnibus datasets (GSE26378, GSE26440, and GSE13904) were analyzed. Differentially expressed genes from GSE26378 and GSE26440 were int...

Hexagonal Boron Nitride on Liquid and Single-Crystal Copper: Operando X-Ray and Atomistic Insights into Growth and Interfacial Structure.

Two-dimensional (2D) hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) is a key dielectric for van der Waals nanoelectronics, however, its controlled synthesis by chemica...

Comparison of large language models in the management of pediatric ureteropelvic junction obstruction: a comparative analysis of 125 clinical scenarios.

PURPOSE: To evaluate and compare the clinical accuracy, reliability, comprehensiveness and readability of three prominent Large Language Models (LLMs)...

Discovery of a DNA methylation episignature for Weiss-Kruszka syndrome.

Weiss-Kruszka syndrome (WSKA; OMIM 618619) is a rare autosomal dominant neurodevelopmental disorder caused by haploinsufficiency of ZNF462, a zinc-fin...

Defining and Assessing Empathic Communication in Patient Portal Secure Messages: Adapted Coding Framework Development Study.

BACKGROUND: Empathic communication in the clinical setting has been associated with improved clinical outcomes, decreased anxiety, and increased patie...

The role of artificial intelligence in clinical trials in adult and pediatric rheumatology.

The development of clinical trials is limited by high costs and methodological complexities. In this context, artificial intelligence (AI) is emerging...

Automated detection of periapical lesions in pediatric panoramic radiographs using YOLOv7: a retrospective internal validation study.

AIM: This study aimed to assess the diagnostic capability of a YOLOv7 deep learning algorithm for the computerized detection of periapical lesions fro...

Artificial intelligence for pediatric rare disease diagnosis: a multimethod study integrating published evidence and clinician interviews.

BACKGROUND: Pediatric rare diseases are highly heterogeneous and are frequently associated with missed or delayed diagnosis, creating substantial burd...

Evaluation of parents' attitudes and perceptions regarding the use of artificial intelligence in dental practice: a cross-sectional survey.

AIM: This study aimed to evaluate the attitudes and perceptions of parents of pediatric patients in our sample towards the growing use of artificial i...

Early Prediction of Critical Care Interventions From Pediatric Emergency Department Triage.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Most pediatric emergency departments (EDs) in the United States use Emergency Severity Index (ESI) system to triage patient...

Predicting women's intention to use contraceptives in East Africa: a machine learning analysis of predictors.

INTRODUCTION: Intention to use contraceptives reflects an individual's or couple's plan to adopt contraceptive methods, supporting women's reproductiv...

[Overview and conclusions of the STROKE data platform of the National Laboratory for Translational Neuroscience and the associated clinical studies].

Acute ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke are among the leading causes of mortality and long-term disability worldwide. In addition to the results of rand...

Deep Learning-Based Prediction of Drug Bitterness Using Molecular Structures.

Bitterness is a major cause of poor medication adherence, particularly in pediatric patients. Although several machine learning models have been devel...

ChatGPT vs. multidisciplinary team decisions in auditory implantation: a concordance analysis of implant type and side selection.

INTRODUCTION: Auditory implantation is a standard rehabilitation strategy for patients with severe hearing loss, and candidacy determination requires ...

Construction and validation of a nomogram prediction model for postoperative residual risk of pediatric obstructive sleep apnea based on OCTA and LASSO machine learning algorithm.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the value of retinal optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) microcirculatory parameters combined with clinical, bioche...

Hierarchically ordered ERGO-L-Cys flower-like nanospheres on screen-printed electrodes for electrochemical immunosensing of cow's milk specific IgE with machine learning-assisted calibration.

Cow's milk-specific IgE (sIgE) is a crucial serum biomarker for cow's milk allergy (CMA) in children. However, its low abundance and the scarcity of r...

Integrating omics and artificial intelligence in pediatric environmental health: tools, challenges, and cohort-based insights.

BACKGROUND: Early childhood is a critical developmental period during which exposure to multiple environmental chemicals is common and increasingly re...

Predicting postoperative coronal imbalance in Lenke 1/2 adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: A machine learning model with clinical interpretability.

OBJECTIVES: Selective posterior thoracic fusion (sPTF) for Lenke 1/2 adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) aims to reconcile multi-planar correction w...

Knowledge graph visualization and bibliometric analysis of research on coronary artery lesions in Kawasaki disease.

BACKGROUND: Coronary artery lesions (CAL) complicating Kawasaki disease (KD) are a central concern affecting the long-term cardiovascular health of af...