Pediatrics

Are artificial intelligence systems ready for pediatric surgical decision-making? A comparative evaluation of large language models versus pediatric surgeons.

PURPOSE: This study aimed to compare the diagnostic, investigative, and treatment decisions generate...

High-resolution 3D micro-CT reveals an additional muscle layer in esophageal atresia.

BACKGROUND: Esophageal atresia (EA) is a congenital malformation intrinsically associated with esoph...

Pediatric Use of Artificial Intelligence for Support and Advice-Developmental Practice or Help-Seeking Substitution?

Evolution of Scientific Trends in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery in the Last Decade.

BACKGROUND: Oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMFS) has undergone rapid scientific evolution over the ...

Advancements in Pediatric Moyamoya Disease: A Critical Review of Surgical Decision-Making, Outcomes, and Future Directions.

Pediatric moyamoya disease (MMD) is a progressive steno-occlusive arteriopathy that carries a high r...

Early-Life Exposure to Organophosphorus Pesticide Mixtures and Impaired Neonatal Neurodevelopment: A Cohort Study Integrating Comprehensive Multi-Omics and Machine Learning.

Early-life exposure to low-dose organophosphorus pesticide (OPP) mixtures and their impact on neonat...

Accelerated Cardiac MRI Using Deep Learning Cine Imaging: Validation in Pediatric Patients both with and without Congenital Heart Disease.

BACKGROUND: Conventional breath-held 2D bSSFP cine CMR requires multiple breath holds and prolonged ...

Artificial Intelligence in Neuromuscular Diseases: Opportunities for a Data-Scarce Field.

Neuromuscular diseases (NMDs) encompass over 800 distinct entities affecting approximately one in 10...

Artificial intelligence for translational personalized neoantigen cancer vaccine development.

Personalized neoantigen cancer vaccine is a promising strategy for precision immunotherapy by target...

Cell surface CD11c as a neutrophil aging marker molecule.

Neutrophils exhibit substantial functional heterogeneity shaped by both developmental stage and cell...

Integration of Bulk RNA Sequencing and Single-Cell Sequencing to Identify Prognostic Genes Associated With MCDRGs in Neuroblastoma.

Neuroblastoma (NB) is a common pediatric tumor that exhibits significant clinical heterogeneity and ...

Machine learning for prediction of large-for-gestational-age neonate with adverse outcome at routine ultrasound examination at 35-37 weeks.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the performance of a machine-learning (ML) model compared with traditional l...

Using Artificial Intelligence to Improve Question Asking in Autistic Adolescents and Adults.

This research assessed whether an artificial intelligence (AI) program could support autistic adoles...

Clinical and Metabolomic Panel for Noninvasive Screening of Biopsy-Confirmed MASH in Children and Adolescents.

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Noninvasive tests to identify pediatric metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohe...

Development of a machine-learning risk stratification tool for vasoactive medication need after two-bolus fluid resuscitation in pediatric suspected sepsis.

BACKGROUND: Timely vasopressor initiation is critical in fluid-refractory pediatric septic shock, ye...

Myocardial Fibrosis in Pediatric Heart Disease: Mechanisms, Imaging Biomarkers, Clinical Consequences, and Emerging Antifibrotic Therapies.

Myocardial fibrosis is increasingly recognized as a central determinant of adverse cardiac remodelin...

Structural Heart Interventions in Women with Congenital Heart Disease.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To provide a review of current transcatheter interventions in women with congenit...

Deep Learning-Based Classification for Grading of Respiratory Distress Syndrome on Neonatal Chest Radiographs.

OBJECTIVE: To develop and validate a deep learning-based multi-class classification model for automa...

Coming of Age With Generative Artificial Intelligence: The High Stakes of Automating Adolescent Development.

Generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) is rapidly transforming the context in which adolescents ...

Community-based paediatric eye care in low- and middle-income countries: bridging the gap between policy and practice.

Childhood visual impairment and blindness remain major public health concerns in low- and middle-inc...

Artificial Intelligence Answering Patient Questions About Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip: Accuracy, Readability, and Clinical Utility.

INTRODUCTION: Artificial intelligence (AI) tools are increasingly used by patients and caregivers se...