Pediatrics

Neural network execution using nicked DNA and microfluidics.

DNA has been discussed as a potential medium for data storage. Potentially it could be denser, could consume less energy, and could be more durable than conventional storage media such as hard drives, solid-state storage, and optical media. However, performing computations on the data stored in DNA is a largely unexplored challenge. This paper proposes an integrated circuit (IC) based on microflui...

[The transformative effect of artificial intelligence in hospitals : The focus is on the individual].

Rapid advances in digital technology and the promising potential of artificial intelligence (AI) are changing our everyday lives and have already impacted on hospital procedures. The use of AI applications, in particular, enables a wide range of possible uses and has considerable potential for improving medical and nursing care. In radiological diagnostics, for example, there are already many well...

An artificial intelligence study: automatic description of anatomic landmarks on panoramic radiographs in the pediatric population.

BACKGROUND: Panoramic radiographs, in which anatomic landmarks can be observed, are used to detect cases closely related to pediatric dentistry. The p...

Natural language processing for identification of refractory status epilepticus in children.

OBJECTIVE: Pediatric status epilepticus is one of the most frequent pediatric emergencies, with high mortality and morbidity. Utilizing electronic hea...

AI's deep dive into complex pediatric inguinal hernia issues: a challenge to traditional guidelines?

OBJECTIVE: This study utilized ChatGPT, an artificial intelligence program based on large language models, to explore controversial issues in pediatri...

Commentary: Is machine learning needed to understand that heart failure is a risk in adult congenital cardiac surgery?

Convolutional Neural Network for Fully Automated Cerebellar Volumetry in Children in Comparison to Manual Segmentation and Developmental Trajectory of Cerebellar Volumes.

The purpose of this study was to develop a fully automated and reliable volumetry of the cerebellum of children during infancy and childhood using dee...

Deep Learning Approach for Differentiating Etiologies of Pediatric Retinal Hemorrhages: A Multicenter Study.

Retinal hemorrhages in pediatric patients can be a diagnostic challenge for ophthalmologists. These hemorrhages can occur due to various underlying et...

Electroencephalographic abnormalities in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus: a prospective study.

BACKGROUND/AIM: The aim herein was to investigate epileptiform discharges on electroencephalogram (EEG), their correlation with glutamic acid decarbox...

Safety and immunogenicity of varied doses of R21/Matrix-M™ vaccine at three years follow-up: A phase 1b age de-escalation, dose-escalation trial in adults, children, and infants in Kilifi-Kenya.

BACKGROUND: Falciparum malaria remains a global health problem. Two vaccines, based on the circumsporozoite antigen, are available. RTS, S/AS01 was re...

AI Model Versus Clinician Otoscopy in the Operative Setting for Otitis Media Diagnosis.

Prior work has demonstrated improved accuracy in otitis media diagnosis based on otoscopy using artificial intelligence (AI)-based approaches compared...

Predicting individual cases of major adolescent psychiatric conditions with artificial intelligence.

Three-quarters of lifetime mental illness occurs by the age of 24, but relatively little is known about how to robustly identify youth at risk to targ...

Pediatric Psoriasis Associated with Van Wyk Grumbach Syndrome: A case report.

INTRODUCTION: Psoriasis is a common chronic inflammatory condition, often beginning in childhood in approximately one-third of cases. It can be associ...

Normal intellectual ability and hyperprolactinemia as unique clinical manifestations of congenital hypothyroidism: A case report and review of hypotheses.

Congenital hypothyroidism is the deficiency of thyroid hormone in infants and hyperprolactinemia is frequently observed. Previously reported cases typ...

Infant cries convey both stable and dynamic information about age and identity.

What information is encoded in the cries of human babies? While it is widely recognized that cries can encode distress levels, whether cries reliably ...

Prenatal diagnosis of hypoplastic left heart syndrome on ultrasound using artificial intelligence: How does performance compare to a current screening programme?

BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to improve prenatal detection of congenital heart disease. We analysed the performance of t...

Impact of heart failure on reoperation in adult congenital heart disease: An innovative machine learning model.

OBJECTIVES: The study objectives were to evaluate the association between preoperative heart failure and reoperative cardiac surgical outcomes in adul...

Automated measurements of interscrew angles in vertebral body tethering patients with deep learning.

BACKGROUND CONTEXT: Vertebral body tethering is the most popular nonfusion treatment for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. The effect of the tether cor...

Revolutionizing drug formulation development: The increasing impact of machine learning.

Over the past few years, the adoption of machine learning (ML) techniques has rapidly expanded across many fields of research including formulation sc...

Clinical Uptake of Pediatric Exoskeletons: Pilot Study Using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research.

OBJECTIVE: While the design and clinical evidence base of robot-assisted gait training devices has been advancing, few studies investigate user experi...