Pneumonia

Using Large Language Models for sentiment analysis of health-related social media data: empirical evaluation and practical tips.

Health-related social media data generated by patients and the public provide valuable insights into patient experiences and opinions toward health issues such as vaccination and medical treatments. Using Natural Language Processing (NLP) methods to analyze such data, however, often requires high-quality annotations that are difficult to obtain. The recent emergence of Large Language Models (LLMs)...

Enhancement of Fairness in AI for Chest X-ray Classification.

The use of artificial intelligence (AI) in medicine has shown promise to improve the quality of healthcare decisions. However, AI can be biased in a manner that produces unfair predictions for certain demographic subgroups. In MIMIC-CXR, a publicly available dataset of over 300,000 chest X-ray images, diagnostic AI has been shown to have a higher false negative rate for racial minorities. We evalu...

Enhancing Organizing Pneumonia Diagnosis: A Novel Super-token Transformer Approach for Masson Body Segmentation.

BACKGROUND/AIM: In this study, we introduce an innovative deep-learning model architecture aimed at enhancing the accuracy of detecting and classifyin...

Multimodality Risk Assessment of Patients with Ischemic Heart Disease Using Deep Learning Models Applied to Electrocardiograms and Chest X-rays.

Comprehensive management approaches for patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD) are important aids for prognostication and treatment planning. Whil...

Hemi-diaphragm detection of chest X-ray images based on convolutional neural network and graphics.

BACKGROUND: Chest X-rays (CXR) are widely used to facilitate the diagnosis and treatment of critically ill and emergency patients in clinical practice...

Prediction of early-phase cytomegalovirus pneumonia in post-stem cell transplantation using a deep learning model.

BACKGROUND: Diagnostic challenges exist for CMV pneumonia in post-hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (post-HSCT) patients, despite early-phase ra...

Classification of Pneumonia via a Hybrid ZFNet-Quantum Neural Network Using a Chest X-ray Dataset.

INTRODUCTION: Deep neural networks (DNNs) have made significant contributions to diagnosing pneumonia from chest X-ray imaging. However, certain aspec...

Identification and Prioritization of Health Indexes in Nomadic Tribespeople by Fuzzy Delphi Method: An Ecological Study.

The migratory lifestyle of nomadic communities, combined with the lack of a suitable health-related organizational structure, has made it difficult to...

Can AI generate diagnostic reports for radiologist approval on CXR images? A multi-reader and multi-case observer performance study.

BACKGROUND: Accurately detecting a variety of lung abnormalities from heterogenous chest X-ray (CXR) images and writing radiology reports is often dif...

Pneumonia detection on chest X-rays from Xception-based transfer learning and logistic regression.

Pneumonia is a dangerous disease that kills millions of children and elderly patients worldwide every year. The detection of pneumonia from a chest x-...

Advanced Lung Disease Detection: CBAM-Augmented, Lightweight EfficientNetB2 with Visual Insights.

INTRODUCTION: This paper presents a multichannel deep-learning method for detecting lung diseases using chest X-ray images. Using EfficientNetB0 throu...

Pros and Cons of Using Artificial Intelligence Chatbots for Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation Management.

Artificial intelligence (AI), specifically large language models (LLMs), which focus on the interaction between computers and human language, can inf...

National Cancer Institute Imaging Data Commons: Toward Transparency, Reproducibility, and Scalability in Imaging Artificial Intelligence.

The remarkable advances of artificial intelligence (AI) technology are revolutionizing established approaches to the acquisition, interpretation, and ...

[Experimental study of APB-DOCK8 transgenic tomato vaccine for caries prevention].

PURPOSE: To observe the anti-caries effect of transgenic tomato anti-caries vaccine after immunization with SD rats by gavage and to explore its immun...

Better informing everyday fall risk assessment: experimental studies with contemporary technologies.

BACKGROUND: Age-related mobility issues and frailty are a major public health concern because of an increased risk of falls. Subjective assessment of ...

Humoral Response After Two Doses of COVISHIELD Vaccine in Patients Undergoing Maintenance Hemodialysis.

OBJECTIVES: Maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients are at increased risk of contracting coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Vaccine against COVID-19...

Diagnostic Detection of H7N3 Low Pathogenicity Avian Influenza in a Commercial Game Bird Flock.

Low pathogenicity avian influenza (LPAI) H7N3 was diagnosed in a flock of commercially raised Japanese quail () breeder hens. The birds were submitted...

SEINN: A deep learning algorithm for the stochastic epidemic model.

Stochastic modeling predicts various outcomes from stochasticity in the data, parameters and dynamical system. Stochastic models are deemed more appro...

Reinforcement learning relieves the vaccination dilemma.

The main goal of this paper is to study how a decision-making rule for vaccination can affect epidemic spreading by exploiting the Bush-Mosteller (BM)...

Predicting Dementia Risk for Elderly Community Dwellers in Primary Care Services Using Subgroup-specific Prediction Models.

Early detection of individuals with a high risk of dementia is crucial for prompt intervention and clinical care. This study aims to identify high-ris...