Pneumonia

Ethical challenges and opportunities for integrating predictive analytics in community-based overdose prevention.

As predictive analytics become more widely integrated into local public health responses to the United States overdose epidemic, community-based substance use service providers have begun to adopt machine learning-based predictive tools to guide the allocation and delivery of overdose prevention services. While these tools hold promise for anticipating community overdose risk and enhancing the eff...

Self-Disclosure of Mental Health via Deepfakes: Testing the Effects of Self-Deepfakes on Affective Resistance and Intention to Seek Mental Health Support.

This study examines the use of deepfakes in self-disclosure interventions within mental health contexts. Specifically, we investigate how videos featuring self-deepfakes, celebrity deepfakes, and virtual agents disclosing mental health challenges shape affective resistance and intention to seek support, considering the moderating influence of individual baseline mental health. The findings indicat...

Automated lung sound detection via Bi-GRU-modified SqueezeNet architecture with new stock well feature set.

Lung sound analysis is critical for diagnosing respiratory diseases such as asthma, bronchiectasis, bronchiolitis, COPD, LRTI, pneumonia, and URTI. Tr...

Reason like a radiologist: Chain-of-thought and reinforcement learning for verifiable report generation.

Radiology report generation is critical for efficiency, but current models often lack the structured reasoning of experts and the ability to explicitl...

Deciphering the microbial complexity of Chinese traditional sourdough through integrated learning.

Sourdough fermentation relies on a dynamic microbial consortium of fungi and bacteria, shaped by interspecies interactions and environmental condition...

Self-reported periodontitis: A multiethnic community-based validation study.

OBJECTIVE: Self-reported periodontal measures offer a practical alternative to clinical examinations in large-scale studies, but few validation effort...

The engagement behaviors and treatment barriers for depressed patients in an online health community: a pre-/post-treatment comparison.

The treatment of depression involves numerous barriers, both before and after individuals seek professional care. Online health communities (OHCs) hav...

ProtoRadNet: Prototypical patches of Convolutional Features for Radiology Image Classification Network.

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have achieved significant success in classifying radiology images; however, their implementation often resembles ...

Water masses and climate change drive marine archaeal community biogeography: Insights from a dynamic marginal sea.

Planktonic archaea are widely distributed in marine ecosystems and play essential roles in global biogeochemical cycles. However, their biogeographic ...

Mortality prediction among older people in primary care: a comparison of predictive performance of the frailty index with regression-based and machine learning models.

INTRODUCTION: The frailty index is widely used to identify vulnerable individuals at risk of adverse outcomes like mortality. However, its predictive ...

Screening tools and strategies for early detection of oral cancer and potentially malignant disorders in rural and low-resource populations: A systematic review.

Oral cancer and its precursor lesions, known as oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs), present significant public health challenges due to high...

Vit-Ensemble: Probabilistic voting based ensemble of Vision Transformers for tuberculosis detection using radiographs.

Tuberculosis (TB) detection from chest X-ray (CXR) images remains a critical challenge in global healthcare. This study introduces Vit-Ensemble, a nov...

Learning curve for fenestrated-branched endovascular aortic repair using machine learning: A prospective national multicenter registry study.

OBJECTIVE: Fenestrated-branched endovascular aortic repair (F-BEVAR) is a complex procedure that requires significant experience and advanced technica...

"I feel a lot more connected with my body after a session": a focus group exploration of the impact of exoskeleton walking on highly experienced robotic exoskeleton walkers.

PURPOSE: Robotic exoskeleton walking has become increasingly prevalent in the management of paralysis. To support better integration into clinical pra...

Ark+: Supervised training a single high-performance AI foundation model from many differently labeled datasets-no label consolidation required.

This article presents a methodological breakthrough in supervised learning for training a single, robust, and high-performance artificial intelligence...

Construction of a succession model for the microbiome in water from submerged corpses based on single-molecule real-time sequencing.

Decomposition of corpses in aquatic environments is regulated by multiple factors, and traditional methods for estimating the postmortem submerged int...

Tracking the Debate: Geo-Temporal Sentiment Analysis of Community Water Fluoridation on 'X' (Formerly Twitter) With Five-Year Forecast.

OBJECTIVES: This study examined country-level geo-temporal sentiment trends in community water fluoridation (CWF) discussions on 'X' from 2014 to 2023...

When AI Joins the Social Media Conversation: Exploring the Impact of Simulated AI-Assisted Comments on Health Risk Perceptions and Behaviors.

Misinformation on social media has long been a pressing concern, and its spread is often exacerbated by social endorsement metrics such as likes and s...

Abortion AI: Toward an equity-centered research agenda for AI and abortion.

OBJECTIVES: While the implications of AI for health care are frequently discussed, AI's relationship to abortion has received limited attention. This ...

A Deep Learning-Based EffConvNeXt Model for Automatic Classification of Cystic Bronchiectasis: An Explainable AI Approach.

Cystic bronchiectasis and pneumonia are respiratory conditions that significantly impact morbidity and mortality worldwide. Diagnosing these diseases ...