Pneumonia

Emerging Novel SARS-CoV-2 Subvariants and the Advantages of AI-ML in Deciphering the Mutation Trends, Genomic Surveillance and Vaccine Development.

BACKGROUND AND AIM: The world witnessed COVID-19 in 2025 yet again, a resurgence driven by LF.7 and NB.1.8.1 subvariants of JN.1. With Singapore, Hong Kong and Thailand as the epicenter this time, these variants demonstrated rapid geographic spread and temporal dominance across regions including India, the United States (US), the United Kingdom (UK), and China. Genomic surveillance highlighted a s...

Hierarchies of Smell: Structuring the molecular odor space using Semantic Taxonomies and machine learning.

One of the key challenges to predict odor from molecular structure is unarguably our limited understanding of the odor space and the complexity of the underlying structure-odor relationships. Here, we introduce an expert curated taxonomy (ET) that captures the hierarchical relations between smell descriptors for molecular data sets. To quantify the usefulness and relevance of this expert taxonomy,...

Ecological and dietary strategies to constrain Clostridioides difficile.

Clostridioides difficile exemplifies a pathogen that leverages its metabolic plasticity to exploit nutrients that become available during community di...

Predicting COVID-19 severity using machine learning: the role of clinical parameters, blood groups, and vaccination status across age groups.

OBJECTIVES: COVID-19 has had strong impacts on both global health systems and economies. Therefore, understanding disease severity and progression is ...

Smart Speaker-Based Applications to Support Social Connectedness in Older Adult Residents in Affordable Housing: User-Centered Design Study.

BACKGROUND: Older adults in affordable housing face heightened risks of social isolation and loneliness due to limited social networks, transportation...

Exploring the Experiences of Moderators From an Asynchronous Online Dementia Support Forum: Qualitative Interview Study.

BACKGROUND: Asynchronous online forums provide flexible, accessible peer support for many people living with dementia and carers. Moderators are centr...

AI Meets Attitudes: Cross-Sectional Quantitative Study of COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy in Alaska's Diverse Communities.

BACKGROUND: The global COVID-19 vaccine rollout faces challenges from persistent hesitancy, especially in rural and underserved regions. Alaska's uniq...

Pangenome-guided immunoinformatics design and in silico characterization of a multi-epitope vaccine candidate against Acinetobacter baumannii with nanoparticle assembly potential.

Acinetobacter baumannii is a critical multidrug-resistant pathogen causing severe healthcare infections with high mortality, yet no licensed vaccine e...

HALO-GNN: hallucination-resistant temporal graph neural networks for dynamic community detection.

Temporal graph learning is inherently subject to illusory structural dynamics, which is a phenomenon in which transient noise and ephemeral perturbati...

Hearing Loss in Older Adults: Consistent Determinants Across Two Community-Based Cohorts in Southern China.

BACKGROUND: Hearing loss (HL) is common in older adults and is associated with substantial functional decline, yet community-based evidence on its det...

Community Participation as a Pathway to Strengthen National Precipitation Isotope Products in New Zealand.

Accurate environmental and climate modelling depends on the availability of large observational datasets, yet the generation of such data is often cos...

Community-aware sparse topology design for efficient spiking neural networks.

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) offer a promising pathway toward energy-efficient neuromorphic computing due to their event-driven computation and spar...

A population-based retrospective machine learning study of COVID-19 severity using integrated clinical and viral genomic data in Jiangsu Province, China.

BACKGROUND: As coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has transitioned into an endemic phase characterized by sustained transmission and widespread hybri...

P2MAT: A machine learning (ML) driven software for Property Prediction of MATerial.

Accurate prediction of melting points for pure molecules remains a significant challenge in predictive chemistry, with implications across various sci...

Prediction of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus From Chest X-Rays Using a Suite of Previously Developed Chronic Disease Deep Learning Models in an Ethnically Diverse Cohort: Observational Study.

BACKGROUND: Screening for type 2 diabetes (T2D) is not optimal, leading to a large number of patients being undiagnosed. Recently, deep learning (DL) ...

Structure aware graph community cluster pruning for efficient neural network compression in Parkinson's disease diagnosis.

Deep neural networks in medical and edge environments often face computational and memory constraints, which necessitate effective model compression. ...

Community built environment optimization and avoidable PM2.5-attributable mortality in China: A nationwide health impact assessment with spatial heterogeneity and future projections.

BACKGROUND: The design of built environment with health considerations can mitigate population exposure to PM2.5 air pollution. However, quantifiable ...

Transformative Role of Advanced Neural Computation in Clinical Image Diagnostics: A Review of Key Concepts and Applications.

Medical imaging plays a crucial role in modern diagnostic practices, but traditional techniques often face limitations in accuracy, efficiency, and sc...

An attention-infused deep convolutional paradigm for multi-label classification of thoracic pathologies in chest radiographs.

This research proposes an empirical benchmarking study of an attention-infused deep convolutional framework for multi-label thoracic pathology classif...

Prioritising parameters to minimise blood transfusions for postpartum haemorrhage: A machine learning study using national population data.

BACKGROUND: Postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) accounts for approximately 27% of maternal deaths worldwide and often requires blood transfusion, along with ...