Prevention

Ecological and dietary strategies to constrain Clostridioides difficile.

Clostridioides difficile exemplifies a pathogen that leverages its metabolic plasticity to exploit nutrients that become available during community disruption, including host and microbiota-derived metabolites and substrates enriched in modern diets. These ecological dynamics underpin the high and growing burden of C. difficile infection (CDI), including recurrent disease and the rising prevalence...

Hybrid deep learning with attention mechanism for monitoring and classifying physical exercise postures using sensor data.

Accurate detection and classification of different physical exercise postures play a crucial role in monitoring fitness levels, preventing injuries, and personalizing workout routines. Traditional approaches using handcrafted feature extraction and shallow classifiers often suffer from low generalization and limited scalability. To address these limitations, this paper explores advanced deep learn...

Mode-Selective Dual-Level Vibrational Perturbation Theory Assisted by Machine Learning for Rotational and Vibrational Spectra of Benzoic Acid and Aspirin.

The rigid-rotor/harmonic-oscillator model is often insufficient for unbiased comparison with high-resolution microwave data and infrared measurements ...

Understanding Drivers of Physical Activity Through Explainable Machine Learning: The Role of Disability and Social Determinants.

BACKGROUND: Physical activity among adults with disabilities is influenced by functional limitations, health status, and socioeconomic conditions; yet...

Using a Fine-Tuned Commercial Artificial Intelligence Model to Assess Nutrients from Photographs of Japanese Meals.

To reduce meal logging burden in diet interventions, we fine-tuned OpenAI's GPT-4o on 1269 Japanese meal photographs (train/val/eval: 912/252/105) to ...

The algorithmic covenant: why AI-driven consent must not replace clinician responsibility.

Health systems are increasingly deploying artificial intelligence (AI) tools to deliver procedural information, generate documentation, and support pa...

Diagnostic Tests for Stage B Heart Failure.

PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW: To provide an overview of diagnostic tests for Stage B heart failure (SBHF), synthesizing evidence from guidelines and clinical...

Life's essential 8 and its role in cardiovascular health: evolution, evidence, and future directions.

INTRODUCTION: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading global cause of mortality. To advance prevention, the American Heart Association introd...

Comment on "Intelligent diet recommendation system powered by artificial intelligence for personalized nutritional solutions".

Association of serum albumin redox state with dietary protein intake and frailty in older adults: A cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Biomarkers of protein nutritional status are essential for understanding the relationship between diet and frailty. The fraction ...

Comparative Effectiveness of AI-Assisted Telerehabilitation, Telerehabilitation, In-Person Care, and Usual Care for Chronic Nonspecific Low Back Pain: Bayesian Network Meta-Analysis.

BACKGROUND: Guided exercise is central to rehabilitation for chronic nonspecific low back pain. Telerehabilitation enables remote delivery of guided e...

An AI-driven deep learning pipeline for taxonomic classification and biodiversity assessment of deep-sea environmental DNA.

It is estimated that millions of species exist in the deep-sea environment, such as hydrothermal vents, cold seeps, abyssal plains and seamounts, whic...

A transparent and generalizable deep-learning framework for genomic ancestry prediction.

Accurately characterizing genetic ancestry is critical for ensuring reproducibility and fairness in genomic studies and downstream health research. Th...

ML-based electromyography signal analysis for assessing rehabilitation exercise execution quality.

Following lower limb trauma, performing orthopaedic rehabilitation exercises is a crucial factor in successful recovery. However, many patients find i...

From Cardioprotection to Trial Design: Rethinking Cardiac Safety in Oncology.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Cardio-oncology has emerged as a pivotal discipline aimed at preserving cardiovascular health in patients undergoing contemporary c...

Real-World Analysis of Organ Transplantation-Specific Agent Based on Large Language Model in Post-Transplant Self-Management During Off-Hours: A Mixed-Methods Study.

OBJECTIVE: A significant gap exists in medical support for organ transplant patients during out-of-hours (OOH). General large language models (LLMs), ...

BHOD: a bone health optimized dietary pattern designed for osteoporosis prevention.

Existing dietary patterns were not specifically designed to target osteoporosis and lack the precision required for effective prevention. We aimed to ...

From Speech to Sonography: Spectral Networks for Ultrasound Microstructure Classification.

The frequency dependence of backscattered radiofrequency (RF) signals produced by ultrasound scanners carries rich information related to the tissue m...

From Tradition to Future in Veterinary Public Health Education: Students' Attitudes, Anxiety and Experiences With AI-Supported Learning.

BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to reshape learning processes, especially through tools such as ChatGPT. OBJECTIVES: This s...

Precision Exercise for Breast Cancer-Related Outcomes: Towards Personalised Training Based on Tumour, Treatment and Patient Characteristics.

Exercise is a promising strategy associated with improved cancer-related outcomes through multiple biological mechanisms. However, current exercise gu...