Prevention

Long-term microbiome and clinical effects of a microbiome-guided personalized diet versus low-FODMAP diet in irritable bowel syndrome: A 12-month follow-up randomized controlled trial.

Dietary therapy is central to irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) management, yet the long-term durability of the low-FODMAP diet (LFD), and of microbiome-guided personalization, remains unclear. We assessed the long-term clinical and gut-microbiome effects of a microbiome-guided personalized diet (PD) compared with a standard LFD in adults meeting Rome IV criteria for IBS. In this multicenter, open-la...

Left Atrial Stiffness Index for Refining Diastolic Stress Test Selection in Suspected Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction.

INTRODUCTION: Diagnosing heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) remains challenging in patients with exertional dyspnea and inconclusive resting echocardiography. The left atrial stiffness index (LASI), calculated as E/e' divided by left atrial reservoir strain (LARS), reflects the relationship between estimated left ventricular filling pressure and left atrial compliance. OBJECTIV...

Correlates of physical activity behaviour in a population sample with increased cardiovascular risk and established cardiovascular disease: Cross-sectional analysis of data from the Paracelsus 10,000 prospective cohort study in Salzburg, Austria.

Regular physical activity (PA) remains challenging for many people with high cardiovascular risk and established cardiovascular disease (CVD). We aime...

The role of artificial intelligence in developing meal plans in outpatient dietetics: A feasibility and proof of concept study.

BACKGROUND: Personalized meal planning by registered dietitian nutritionists (RDNs) is time-intensive. Large language models (LLMs) may automate draft...

Artificial intelligence in food and nutrition science: a paradigm-centric review of computational frameworks and system-level integration.

Precision nutrition on a global scale necessitates an understanding of food not as static collections of so-called macronutrients but rather as dynami...

Protocol for a pilot effectiveness and feasibility randomized controlled trial of an advanced telerehabilitation system for people with multiple sclerosis (PLATINUMS project).

BACKGROUND: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) causes many different symptoms, with some of the most dominant being impaired balance and walking performance. Exe...

Clustering of rheumatoid arthritis patients: an unsupervised machine learning approach for characterizing the TNFi response.

This study aimed to identifydistinct profiles of response to Tumor Necrosis Factor inhibitors (TNFi) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients using unsup...

A Randomized Controlled Trial Evaluating Digital Health Intervention on Phosphate Control in Patients on Dialysis.

BACKGROUND: Hyperphosphataemia is a common metabolic complication of CKD and is associated with poor health outcomes. Dietary intervention is a key st...

Short- and long-term shifts in food purchasing behaviours and nutrition disparities in the USA during and after the COVID-19 pandemic.

The coronavirus 2019 pandemic disrupted food purchasing behaviours, triggering both short- and long-term nutritional shifts. Here, analysing 9,367,550...

AI-Derived Score to Predict Effort Intolerance and Adverse Outcome across the Heart Failure Spectrum.

AIMS: To develop and externally validate an artificial intelligence (AI)-driven model to predict effort intolerance (i.e., peak oxygen uptake [VO₂] <1...

Planning the development of an AI-driven decision support architecture for the recognition of sudden cardiac arrest by 9-1-1 telecommunicators: report of a community engagement and brainstorming meeting.

OBJECTIVES: Sudden cardiac arrest is a leading cause of mortality in Canada (40,000 treatable deaths annually). Despite the benefits of 9-1-1 telecomm...

Correlates of muscle strengthening exercise in adolescents: A machine learning based analysis.

BACKGROUND: Muscle-strengthening exercise (MSE) is a critical component of adolescent health, yet its correlates remain less understood than those of ...

Apolipoprotein M: A liver-derived lipid-binding protein protects against heart failure with preserved ejection fraction by inhibiting TGF-β signaling.

BACKGROUND: Visceral and hepatic adiposity and associated inflammation are recognized as prominent features of heart failure (HF) with preserved eject...

Human-centric triboelectric nanogenerators for self-powered sensing, exercise technologies, and intelligent interfaces.

Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have rapidly evolved from mechanical energy harvesters into human-centric, self-powered sensing platforms capable...

Left Atrial Myopathy Across the Spectrum of Pediatric Heart Disease: Imaging, Mechanobiology, and Clinical Consequences.

Left atrial (LA) function has emerged as a critical determinant of cardiovascular performance and disease progression across the spectrum of pediatric...

Use of Artificial Intelligence for Duodenal Biopsy for Celiac Disease: Developing a Prediction Model for Histopathology Diagnosis.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Duodenal biopsy combined with tissue transglutaminase (tTG-IgA) antibodies is the gold standard for celiac disease diagnosis. Iss...

The Digital Evolution of the Medical Black Bag: Environmental Scan With Trend Analysis and Horizon Scanning.

BACKGROUND: The medical black bag is synonymous with physicians, especially general practitioners, who are expected to be ready to provide care across...

Deep learning-based physical exercise assessment of older adults using single-camera videos.

Regular physical activity preserves functional independence in older adults, yet care-home residents often miss out because personalized supervision i...

Implementation and Evaluation of an AI-Assisted Telerehabilitation System for Postdischarge Continuation of Rehabilitative Care: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial.

BACKGROUND: The World Health Organization (WHO) launched a Rehabilitation 2030 initiative to call for global action to scale up rehabilitation efforts...

From Caffeine to Aspirin: Everyday Molecules as Triggers for Genetically Encoded Proximity Systems.

Chemically induced proximity (CIP) enables programmable control of gene expression, protein activity, cellular signaling, and engineered cell function...