Preventive Care

Explainable machine learning for 10-year prediction of cognitive impairment in a rural Chinese population.

Cognitive impairment (CI) is an emerging public health challenge in rural aging populations, where access to formal cognitive testing is limited. Using data from 4781 adults in the Rural Chinese Cohort Study (RCCS) with 10-year follow-up and the Shenzhen Aging-related Disorder Cohort (SADC) with baseline cognitive assessment, this study developed an interpretable machine learning model for long-te...

A Comparative Study of the Psychometrics and Feasibility of Artificial Intelligence Algorithms Versus the Standard Screening Methods for Oropharyngeal Dysphagia in Older Adults: A Scoping Review.

Oropharyngeal dysphagia (OD) is highly prevalent (35.6%-47.4%) in hospitalized older patients but clinical screening is slow and labor-intensive, leading to an 80% underdiagnosis. The aim of this study was to describe and compare the psychometrics and feasibility of current OD clinical screening methods versus artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms for OD. A scoping review was performed using Pub...

Circulating T-cell phenotypes are influenced by prior Staphylococcus aureus exposure in hemodialysis patients.

Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infections are a significant risk for hemodialysis patients, who would significantly benefit from a preventative vac...

ViT-MultiRAGNet: A scalable and reliable retrieval-augmented Vision Transformer framework for memory-guided feature fusion multi-modal mammogram classification.

BACKGROUND: Diagnosing breast cancer with mammography continues to be an incidentally challenging process because of the numerous different ways of ac...

Artificial Intelligence in Neonatal Care: The Breadth of Promise, the Depth of Challenge-An Overview.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is becoming an integral tool in clinical care. The recent position statement by the Royal Australasian College of Physici...

Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled First-in-Human Trial of a First-in-Class AI-Designed Monoclonal Antibody (GB-0669) Against the Conserved SARS-CoV-2 Spike S2 Stem Helix.

BACKGROUND: Antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor-binding domain provided effective COVID-19 treatment until resistant variants emerged. GB...

A review of machine learning applications in soil heavy-metal remediation: material design, process optimization, and future challenges.

Soil heavy-metal contamination is characterized by toxicity, environmental persistence, and bioaccumulation, and commonly involves multi-metal coexist...

Global Trends and Insights in Cervical Cancer Research: A Bibliometric Analysis from 2000 to 2024.

Cervical cancer is the fourth most common malignant disease in women worldwide. Although the promotion and use of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccinati...

Use of an AI Image Recognition-Based Smartphone App in Personalized Bowel Preparation Before Colonoscopy: Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial.

BACKGROUND: Sufficient bowel preparation is critical for increasing the quality of colonoscopy. However, current bowel preparation guidelines have lim...

The Use of Generative Artificial Intelligence in Systematic Literature Reviews: A Rapid Review of the Literature.

OBJECTIVES: Systematic literature reviews (SLRs) underpin life sciences research but are resource intensive. Generative artificial intelligence, parti...

Raman spectroscopic detection of salivary thiocyanate for smoking exposure stratification.

Distinguishing smokers from non-smokers and stratifying smokers based on their smoking history/exposure (years) are essential for evaluating the risk ...

Machine learning modeling to predict HCC locations in cirrhotic patients undergoing MRI - a proof-of-concept study.

PURPOSE: Current hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) surveillance guidelines rely on manually defined LI-RADS (Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System) fea...

Geospatial approaches for mapping zero-dose prevalence and routine childhood immunisation coverage in low- and lower-middle-income countries: A scoping review.

BACKGROUND: Zero-dose (ZD) children remain a critical public health concern, particularly in low- and lower-middle-income countries (LLMICs), where ov...

Artificial intelligence with mucosal exposure devices versus artificial intelligence alone in detection of colorectal adenomas: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Both artificial intelligence (AI) and mucosal exposure devices (MEDs) have been shown to improve adenoma detection rate and reduc...

An ensemble machine learning approach for predicting anemia among under-five children in malaria-endemic sub-Saharan African countries.

BACKGROUND: Worldwide, anemia in children under-five is a major public health issue, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. Sub-Saharan Africa also has t...

Artificial Intelligence Cannot Replace Peer Reviewers but May Help Editors Triage: A Comparative Analysis of a Large Language Model and Human Reviewer Recommendations at the American Journal of Sports Medicine.

BACKGROUND: The peer review system faces increasing strain from rising manuscript volumes, reviewer fatigue, and well-documented interreviewer disagre...

Scaling AI-enabled imaging-based screening: lessons from reporting for the NHS England lung cancer screening programme.

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death globally, and low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) screening reduces lung cancer mortality. The NHS En...

Artificial Intelligence for Cervical HPV Infection and Lesion Screening: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Its Application Potential and Patient Satisfaction.

OBJECTIVE: This cross-sectional study aimed to explore the application potential of artificial intelligence (AI) in screening and diagnosing cervical ...

Applications of Large Language Models in Ovarian Cancer Management: Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

BACKGROUND: Ovarian cancer (OC) is a highly fatal gynecologic malignancy with complex management challenges and limited long-term survival for advance...

A Machine Learning-Assisted Highly Sensitive Photoelectrochemical Biosensor Based on Dual-Signal CuO Nanoparticles for the Combined Detection of Dual LncRNAs.

As an emerging biomarker of lung cancer, developing a highly sensitive method for the combined detection of dual lncRNAs holds significant value for t...