Public Health & Policy

Periodic surveillance of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms: gaps in evidence and future directions.

Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) is a well-established precursor to pancreatic cancer; however, its generally indolent biological behavior necessitates prolonged periodic surveillance in most patients. This review synthesizes current evidence and highlights unmet needs, while providing future perspectives on the clinical management of patients with IPMNs. In contrast to the relativel...

Characterizing spatiotemporal spread of infectious diseases using ellipse-shaped transmission hotspots: application to dengue virus outbreaks.

BACKGROUND: Identifying transmission hotspots associated with micro-clustering patterns at the early stages of epidemics is helpful to characterize spatiotemporal spread of infectious diseases. However, standard methods with statistical validation to establish a dynamic warning system for emerging infectious diseases are lacking. We therefore aimed to integrate a geographic information system-base...

Colorectal Cancer Screening in Hereditary and Familial High-Risk Populations: Best Practices and Future Directions.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a leading cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality worldwide yet is largely preventable through effective scree...

A bibliometric analysis of global research trends and emerging hotspots on suicide and depression among children and adolescents.

BACKGROUND: Suicide and depression among children and adolescents represent critical global public health challenges. Despite a rapidly growing body o...

Artificial Intelligence in Vascular Surgery: Translating Innovation into Clinical Practice: A Narrative Review.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly reshaping modern medicine, with expanding applications in vascular surgery ranging from diagnostic imaging and...

Artificial Intelligence and the National Diabetes Prevention Program: Modernizing Public Health Infrastructure to Scale Prevention Efforts.

Performance of AI in Predicting the Progression of Gestational Diabetes to Type 2 Diabetes: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

BACKGROUND: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) significantly increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) post partum, with up to...

Fostering Digital Resilience Among Youth Who Experienced Cyberbullying: Design Thinking Approach.

BACKGROUND: Cyberbullying affects approximately one-third of Thai secondary school students and has been linked to adverse emotional outcomes and ment...

Time-dependent radiological risk assessment following a severe NPP accident using Monte Carlo simulation, BEIR VII, and interpretable AI.

Nuclear reactor accidents can result in prolonged radiation exposure with complex and uncertain health consequences. Existing studies often focus on d...

Infection prevention and control measures for Ebola and Marburg disease: a series of rapid reviews.

OBJECTIVES: An evidence synthesis informed the 2023 WHO infection prevention and control (IPC) guideline for Ebola disease (EBOD) and Marburg disease ...

AI-Based Segmental Volumetry of the Downstream Aorta in Aortic Dissection: End-to-End Versus Hybrid Strategies.

Automated segmental volumetry is effective for aortic dissection surveillance but lacks standardization. This study aimed to identify the optimal deep...

Improving insurance deduction identification: a hybrid artificial intelligence model using machine learning and expert systems.

PURPOSE: Financial challenges in healthcare systems worldwide, especially in low- and middle-income countries like Iran, have increased hospitals' rel...

Plant Biofactories for Vaccination: Progress in Edible Vaccine Technologies as a Sustainable Approach to Global Immunization.

Globally, the pathogen-driven enteric diseases remain a leading cause of morbidity and mortality, disproportionately affecting populations in low-inco...

Emerging Novel SARS-CoV-2 Subvariants and the Advantages of AI-ML in Deciphering the Mutation Trends, Genomic Surveillance and Vaccine Development.

BACKGROUND AND AIM: The world witnessed COVID-19 in 2025 yet again, a resurgence driven by LF.7 and NB.1.8.1 subvariants of JN.1. With Singapore, Hong...

Advancing outbreak detection: Hybridizing machine learning with wavelets for weekly dengue case forecasting.

BACKGROUND: Traditional surveillance systems often struggle with the volatility of weekly case data, limiting timely prevention and control efforts. I...

Anthropogenic landscapes and vector-borne disease dynamics: Unveiling the complex interplay between Human Footprint and disease transmission in Colombia.

Anthropogenic landscape transformations are fundamentally reshaping the epidemiology of vector-borne diseases (VBDs), yet their causal impacts remain ...

Multi-source machine learning for short-term influenza forecasting in Hunan Province, China: a spatiotemporal analysis using surveillance, search, meteorological and air-quality data.

BACKGROUND: Accurate short-term influenza forecasting is important for early warning and public health preparedness, but routine sentinel surveillance...

Social Determinants of Health and Fentanyl Overdose Mortality Across US Counties: An XGBoost and SHAP Analysis Identifying Silent Risk Counties and Treatment Deserts.

BACKGROUND: Fentanyl overdose deaths are still increasing across the U.S. Even though the crisis is growing, we still do not fully understand which co...

A decision-theoretic framework for uncertainty quantification in epidemiological modelling.

Estimating, understanding, and communicating uncertainty is fundamental to statistical epidemiology, where model-based estimates regularly inform real...

Global Geospatial Trends in Breast Cancer and Atrial Fibrillation/Flutter Among Older Women: Uncovering Shared Epidemiological Patterns and Etiological Links.

BACKGROUND: Breast cancer (BC) and atrial fibrillation (AF) represent increasing global health burdens with shared risk factors. However, their coinci...