Public Health & Policy

[Let's open the black box: eXplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI).].

The so-called "opacity" of artificial intelligence (AI), the black box model, raises concerns about the increasing use in relevant and critical areas of our society such as health, assistance, autonomous driving, military technologies, the economy, finance, justice, insurance. The need to create models that make it possible to understand, trust and therefore govern the emerging generation of these...

Design of Novel End-effectors for Robot-assisted Swab Sampling to Combat Respiratory Infectious Diseases.

The COVID-19 outbreak has caused the mortality worldwide and the use of swab sampling is a common way of screening and diagnosis. To combat respiratory infectious diseases and assist sampling, robots have been utilized and shown promising potentials. Nonetheless, a safe, patient-friendly, and low-cost swabbing system would be crucial for the practical implementation of robots in hospitals or inspe...

Regulation Modelling and Analysis Using Machine Learning During the Covid-19 Pandemic in Russia.

Due to the specific circumstances related to the COVID-19 pandemic, many countries have enforced emergency measures such as self-isolation and restric...

Regularized Bayesian transfer learning for population-level etiological distributions.

Computer-coded verbal autopsy (CCVA) algorithms predict cause of death from high-dimensional family questionnaire data (verbal autopsy) of a deceased ...

Machine learning approaches improve risk stratification for secondary cardiovascular disease prevention in multiethnic patients.

OBJECTIVES: Identifying high-risk patients is crucial for effective cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention. It is not known whether electronic health...

[Machine learning and its epidemiological applications].

As an important branch of artificial intelligence, machine learning is widely used in various fields. Machine learning has similarity to classical sta...

Assessment of Automating Safety Surveillance From Electronic Health Records: Analysis for the Quality and Safety Review System.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: In an effort to improve and standardize the collection of adverse event data, the Agency for Healthcare Research and Qualit...

Predicting the effect of confinement on the COVID-19 spread using machine learning enriched with satellite air pollution observations.

The real-time monitoring of reductions of economic activity by containment measures and its effect on the transmission of the coronavirus (COVID-19) i...

Improving Ischemic Stroke Care With MRI and Deep Learning Artificial Intelligence.

Advanced magnetic resonance imaging has been used as selection criteria for both acute ischemic stroke treatment and secondary prevention. The use of ...

Robotic Antimicrobial Susceptibility Platform (RASP): a next-generation approach to One Health surveillance of antimicrobial resistance.

BACKGROUND: Surveillance of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is critical to reducing its wide-reaching impact. Its reliance on sample size invites solut...

Perspective: Big Data and Machine Learning Could Help Advance Nutritional Epidemiology.

The field of nutritional epidemiology faces challenges posed by measurement error, diet as a complex exposure, and residual confounding. The objective...

A novel reassortant avian influenza H4N6 virus isolated from an environmental sample during a surveillance in Maharashtra, India.

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: Low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) viruses cause mild clinical illness in domestic birds. Migratory birds are a known rese...

Predicting Falls Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Demonstration of Applied Machine Learning.

Data science skills are increasingly needed by informatics nurses and nurse scientists, but techniques such as machine learning can be daunting for th...

Identifying HIV-related digital social influencers using an iterative deep learning approach.

OBJECTIVES: Community popular opinion leaders have played a critical role in HIV prevention interventions. However, it is often difficult to identify ...

VIDHOP, viral host prediction with deep learning.

MOTIVATION: Zoonosis, the natural transmission of infections from animals to humans, is a far-reaching global problem. The recent outbreaks of Zikavir...

Computerized tumor multinucleation index (MuNI) is prognostic in p16+ oropharyngeal carcinoma.

BACKGROUNDPatients with p16+ oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) are potentially cured with definitive treatment. However, there are current...

Prediction of bio-sequence modifications and the associations with diseases.

Modifications of protein, RNA and DNA play an important role in many biological processes and are related to some diseases. Therefore, accurate identi...

Key Principles of Clinical Validation, Device Approval, and Insurance Coverage Decisions of Artificial Intelligence.

Artificial intelligence (AI) will likely affect various fields of medicine. This article aims to explain the fundamental principles of clinical valida...

[Postoperative Inguinal Hernia after Robot-Assisted Radical Prostatectomy with Prevention Technique Using Spermatic Cord Isolation].

We retrospectivelyevaluated postoperative inguinal hernias (PIHs) after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy(RARP) with a technique for preventing her...

[Application of artificial intelligence for detection and classification of colon polyps].

Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide, and colonoscopy has proven to be a preferable modality for screening and surveillance o...