Public Health

Achieving Expert-Level Clinical Infection Detection with LLMs from Clinical Documents: Validation in Complex Patient Cases with Cirrhosis

BackgroundSystemic infections are a leading cause of hospitalization and death among patients with cirrhosis. Timely and accurate infection identification is essential for both clinical care and the development of predictive models. However, existing methods such as ICD-10 coding are unreliable, and manual chart review is resource-intensive and difficult to scale. This study aimed to develop and v...

Detection of S1 spike protein in CD16+ monocytes up to 245 days in SARS-CoV-2-negative post-COVID-19 vaccine syndrome (PCVS) individuals.

Despite over 13 billion SARS-CoV-2 vaccine doses administered globally, persistent post-vaccination symptoms, termed post-COVID-19 vaccine syndrome (PCVS), resemble post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC). Symptoms like cardiac, vascular, and neurological issues often emerge shortly after vaccination and persist for months to years, mirroring PASC. We previously showed the S1 subunit of the SARS-Co...

Mapping the landscape of AI and ML in vaccine innovation: A bibliometric study.

With the rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) technologies, their applications in the medical field have expand...

Decoding virulence and resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae: Pharmacological insights, immunological dynamics, and in silico therapeutic strategies.

Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) has become a serious global health concern due to its rising virulence and antibiotic resistance. As one of the ...

AMRScan: A hybrid R and Nextflow toolkit for rapid antimicrobial resistance gene detection from sequencing data

AMRScan is a hybrid bioinformatics toolkit implemented in both R and [Nextflow](https://www.nextflow.io/) for the rapid and reproducible detection o...

Piggyback Camera: Easy-to-Deploy Visual Surveillance by Mobile Sensing on Commercial Robot Vacuums

This paper presents Piggyback Camera, an easy-to-deploy system for visual surveillance using commercial robot vacuums. Rather than requiring access ...

Large Language Models' Varying Accuracy in Recognizing Risk-Promoting and Health-Supporting Sentiments in Public Health Discourse: The Cases of HPV Vaccination and Heated Tobacco Products

Machine learning methods are increasingly applied to analyze health-related public discourse based on large-scale data, but questions remain regardi...

VaxPulse: Active Global Vaccine Infodemic Risk Assessment

Vaccine infodemics, driven by misinformation, disinformation, and inauthentic online behaviours, pose significant threats to global public health. T...

AI-VaxGuide: An Agentic RAG-Based LLM for Vaccination Decisions

Vaccination plays a vital role in global public health, yet healthcare professionals often struggle to access immunization guidelines quickly and ef...

A Novel Tuning Method for Real-time Multiple-Object Tracking Utilizing Thermal Sensor with Complexity Motion Pattern

Multi-Object Tracking in thermal images is essential for surveillance systems, particularly in challenging environments where RGB cameras struggle d...

EGNInfoLeaker: Unveiling the Risks of Public Key Reuse and User Identity Leakage in Blockchain

While Ethereum's discovery protocols (Discv4/ Discv5) incorporate robust cryptographic designs to protect user privacy, real-world deployment reveal...

Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm for Spatiotemporal Forecasting of HIV Clusters

HIV epidemiological data is increasingly complex, requiring advanced computation for accurate cluster detection and forecasting. We employed quantum...

Agreement between Routine-Dose and Lower-Dose CT with and without Deep Learning-based Denoising for Active Surveillance of Solid Small Renal Masses: A Multiobserver Study.

Purpose To assess the agreement between routine-dose (RD) and lower-dose (LD) contrast-enhanced CT scans, with and without Digital Imaging and Communi...

Real-time FT-IR typing of Klebsiella pneumoniae: a flexible and rapid approach for outbreak detection and infection control.

BACKGROUND: Expansion of carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (CP-Kp) is driven by within-hospital transmission, requiring timely typing data...

Development of a robust FT-IR typing system for , enhancing performance through hierarchical classification.

is a leading cause of foodborne illnesses globally, with significant mortality rates, especially among vulnerable populations. Traditional serotyping...

Are AI-based surveillance systems for healthcare-associated infections ready for clinical practice? A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) are a global public health concern, imposing significant clinical and financial burdens. Despite advancements,...

Predictive modeling based on machine learning for mapping risk areas of human sporotrichosis in southeastern Brazil.

Sporotrichosis, a zoonotic mycosis with a growing public health impact, requires innovative methods to map risk areas. This study applied machine lear...

Probabilistic memory auto-encoding network for abnormal behavior detection in surveillance video.

Abnormal behavior detection in surveillance video, as one of the essential functions in the intelligent surveillance system, plays a vital role in ant...

From classical approaches to artificial intelligence, old and new tools for PDAC risk stratification and prediction.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is recognized as one of the most lethal malignancies, characterized by late-stage diagnosis and limited therap...

AG-VPReID 2025: Aerial-Ground Video-based Person Re-identification Challenge Results

Person re-identification (ReID) across aerial and ground vantage points has become crucial for large-scale surveillance and public safety applicatio...