Public Health

Review Topic: Don't Cancer Doctors Offer Good-Quality Care?

We offer the perspectives of two veterans on the last quarter century of quality improvement efforts in oncology care. We believe that our colleagues deliver high quality care, but challenges remain in demonstrating this assertion to patients, payers, policy makers and to our colleagues. The journey began with the American College of Surgeons (ACOS) establishing minimum standards for cancer surger...

Exploration of comorbidity mechanisms between chronic pain and depression: Machine learning prediction models and SHAP interpretability analysis based on the CHARLS cohort.

INTRODUCTION: With rapid population aging in China, depression among middle-aged and older adults has become a major public health concern. Chronic pain and sociodemographic factors are closely associated with depressive symptoms, yet their combined and heterogeneous effects are difficult to capture using traditional analytical approaches. Interpretable machine learning provides a framework to exp...

Reinforcement learning for policymaking in epidemic control: A scoping review.

BACKGROUND: Managing an epidemic demands policies that respond at the pace of the outbreak. Conventional rule‑based interventions struggle to keep up,...

Dynamics of collectivistic language and emotional expression in China's early pandemic: A social media analysis.

Crises can produce contradictory responses in collectivistic cultures, yielding both solidarity and fragmentation. We propose these paradoxes can be u...

First-trimester multi-modal cell-free DNA analysis for prediction of preterm and term preeclampsia.

BACKGROUND: Preeclampsia, which is a leading cause of maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity, represents a biologically heterogeneous syndrome...

Single-cell transcriptomics and machine learning unveil liquid-liquid phase separation-related biomarkers in HPV-positive cervical cancer.

BACKGROUND: Liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) dysregulation is a key driver of oncogenesis, yet its specific role in HPV-positive cervical cancer ...

Chaotic and Stochastic Components in an Influenza Surveillance Series: Nonlinear Dynamics and Predictive Modeling Study.

BACKGROUND: Chaotic dynamics has been the subject of both theoretical and empirical research in epidemiology, with the most recent research strongly f...

Serological surveillance for malaria elimination in Southeast Asia: a scoping review.

BACKGROUND: As Southeast Asian countries advance toward malaria elimination, challenges such as residual transmission reservoirs and zoonotic spill-ov...

Research on influenza surveillance and a prediction model based on multi-source data.

OBJECTIVE: To develop and validate a multivariate Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) model that integrates multi-source surveillance data for forecasting i...

Multistate animal-contact-related nontyphoidal Salmonella enterica outbreaks in the United States, 2009-2022: Network and machine learning analyses of exposure sources, settings, and serovars.

BACKGROUND: Nontyphoidal Salmonella enterica (NTS) is a major public‑health threat in the United States of America (U.S.). Evaluating associations bet...

Topological data analysis for predicting disease outbreaks in humanitarian settings: A machine learning approach.

BACKGROUND: Humanitarian settings are highly vulnerable to infectious disease outbreaks because displacement, crowding, disruption of health services,...

Environmental conditions and animal hosts shape the spatial transmission risks of echinococcosis in China.

Echinococcosis poses a major public-health challenge and substantial socioeconomic burdens in pastoral regions. Yet the spatial transmission risks in ...

Integrating epidemiologic modeling and explainable machine learning to predict and identify factors associated with self-reported depression among adults in Tennessee, United States.

BACKGROUND: Depression is a major public health concern, with Tennessee ranking among the U.S. states with the highest prevalence. Despite its burden,...

Longitudinal serum uric acid transition patterns and their clinical, genetic, and dietary determinants: prospective prediction of incident hyperuricemia and gout in a Korean population-based cohort.

BACKGROUND: Longitudinal serum uric acid (SUA) transition patterns and their clinical, genetic, and dietary determinants remain poorly characterized. ...

Advancing Gastrointestinal Cancer Risk Prediction With Patient-Centered Machine Learning: Machine Learning Modeling Study.

BACKGROUND: Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers are a significant health concern in South Korea. Recently, machine learning (ML) models have emerged as powe...

AI-based oculomics for trajectory-driven risk stratification of pathologic myopia in paediatric high myopia.

AIMS: To identify early oculomic biomarkers predictive of pathologic myopia (PM) in children with high myopia (HM) and to develop an artificial intell...

Network analysis of pairwise relative tuberculosis transmission probabilities in Lima, Peru.

Identifying transmission events is important in understanding infectious disease dynamics. Such events are typically unobservable, particularly in res...

The Influence of Social Media Messaging on Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Attitudes and Confidence Among Adolescent Males: Group Discussion Study.

BACKGROUND: Despite the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine being available to males for the past 12 years, adolescent males continue to lag in HPV vac...

Pan-pathogen vaccine approaches: Toward broad-spectrum immunity in a One Health era.

Emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) represent an escalating threat to global public health, as exemplified by outbreaks of COVID-19, E...

Falls in Assisted Living Facilities: Can Artificial Intelligence Improve Documentation and Reduce Injury?

PURPOSE: To evaluate whether an artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted surveillance device, AUGi, improves documentation of falls and injury rates in a...