Pulmonology

Dual elastography ultrasound for classifying metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: a cross-sectional study within a prospective cohort.

BACKGROUND: The binary diagnostic approach does not reflect the entire spectrum of metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD. We used an elastography technology, dual elastography ultrasound (DEUS), to discriminate the different stages of MASLD. METHOD: This prospective multicenter study was conducted from December 2020 to March 2022. All patients underwent DEUS scan, a liver...

Evaluation of deliverable dose-mimicking automated volumetric arc radiation therapy planning for stage III non-small cell lung cancer patients: comparison with a commercial DVH-predicted automated planning system.

This study aimed to evaluate the clinical validity of a dose-mimicking automated planning for volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT) in patients with stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), through direct comparison with a commercial dose volume histogram (DVH)-predicted system. We retrospectively analyzed volumetric-modulated arc therapy plans from 75 patients with stage III NSCLC treated ...

Improving the management and outcomes of preschool wheeze: protocol of a prospective multicentre cohort study.

INTRODUCTION: Preschool wheeze and asthma are associated with substantial morbidity and impaired future lung function. Yet, wheeze is unreliably repor...

Semi-supervised multi-class pneumonia classification using a CNN-cascade forest framework.

Medical imaging diagnosis of pneumonia must be accurate at distinguishing between the various disease subtypes but must be resistant to sparse annotat...

Evaluation of multimodal large language models for pneumothorax assessment in real-world clinical scenarios.

Explainable machine learning-based 28-day mortality prediction model for elderly patients with acute kidney injury.

Elderly patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) face a significantly increased mortality risk. Recent advances in machine learning technology have mad...

Large-scale proteomic profiling identifies distinct inflammatory phenotypes in acute respiratory distress syndrome: a multicentre, prospective cohort study.

BACKGROUND: Host responses during acute respiratory distress syndrome are highly heterogeneous, contributing to inconsistent therapeutic outcomes. Pro...

A hybrid feature extraction framework combining PCA and mutual information for gene expression based lung cancer classification.

Lung cancer remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, with early and accurate diagnosis posing a critical challenge for improving...

Evaluation of oxygenation indices incorporating SpO₂ and PEEP for assessing ARDS severity: Evidence from the MIMIC-IV and eICU collaborative research database v2.0 databases.

BACKGROUND: The in-hospital mortality of acute respiratory distress syndrome can reach 35-45%, with patients requiring a more convenient and accurate ...

The Role of Complex Digital Interventions to Improve Pneumonia Care.

Pneumonia clinical decision support (CDS) has evolved from simple paper-based guidelines to complex electronic systems powered by artificial intellige...

Impacts of delayed influenza vaccination on clinical outcomes in ICU-admitted patients with influenza: A retrospective cohort study.

BACKGROUND: Influenza vaccination is an effective measure for reducing the risk of severe influenza infection. However, the task of achieving adequate...

A scoping review of portable ultra-low-field MRI studies in patients with acquired brain injury: Past, present, and future.

Acquired Brain Injury (ABI) refers to any post-birth damage to the brain, commonly resulting from traumatic events (traumatic brain injury) or non-tra...

Biological aging across the metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease spectrum: A systematic review.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a growing global health burden. Geroscience posits that accel...

Enhancing diagnostic quality in dental bitewings using transformer and GAN-Based image restoration.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Bitewing radiographs have high diagnostic value in detecting interproximal caries and assessing alveolar bone levels. However,...

Explainable AI reveals temporal risk pathways in fall prediction: Extracting clinical insights from multi-horizon machine learning models.

Falls are a leading cause of injury in older adults, making risk prediction a clinical priority. While many machine learning (ML) models exist, they t...

Enhancing diagnostic safety with low iodine, low radiation CTPA classification using deep learning.

Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a life-threatening condition for which computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) is the standard diagnostic modality...

Quantification of interstitial fibrosis in digitized kidney biopsies using deep neural networks.

Artificial intelligence, machine learning-based automated fibrosis quantification in preclinical models of pulmonary fibrosis.

Artificial intelligence risk stratification from dynamic digital subtraction angiography radiomics predicts pulmonary embolism and associates with clinical outcomes in deep vein thrombosis: A retrospective cohort study.

OBJECTIVE: Current risk stratification for lower extremity deep vein thrombosis remains limited, often failing to identify high-risk patients for impe...

Comparison of bulk flow measurements in the large vessels between four-dimensional flow (4D-flow) and two-dimensional phase contrast (2D-PC) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

AIM: The clinical integration of four-dimensional flow magnetic resonance imaging (4D-flow MRI) for cardiovascular assessment remains a challenge due ...