Latest AI and machine learning research in pulmonology for healthcare professionals.
Deep learning (DL) chest radiograph (CXR) models are often trained on downsampled images to reduce computational overhead, despite clinical workflows operating at high resolution. Previous studies have investigated the impact of input resolution on CXR classification accuracy, yet two fundamental pillars of safe and trustworthy AI, explainability and generalizability, remain underexplored. In this...
Examination of high-resolution whole-slide images requires an analysis of the histopathological images, which is essential in the precise diagnosis of cancer; nevertheless, manual analysis is time-consuming and is highly susceptible to inter-observer variability. This paper will address these shortcomings by developing a new Attention-Enhanced Hybrid EffNet (AEH-EffNet) system to automatically cla...
Timely detection of circulatory and respiratory instability (CRI) is critical in intensive care units (ICUs), yet existing early warning systems often...
OBJECTIVE: To develop and validate a machine learning model for predicting reduced exercise capacity at 3 months postoperatively using clinical parame...
This document serves as the protocol for the development of the Chinese Guideline for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia and V...
Pasteurella multocida is a respiratory pathogen that is frequently isolated from cattle suffering from bovine respiratory disease (BRD), a leading cau...
Positive airway pressure therapy serves as a core therapeutic strategy for sleep-disordered breathing, with its efficacy generally evaluated via sleep...
BACKGROUND: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by progressive airflow limitation, chronic airway inflammation, and epitheli...
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: This study evaluated the efficacy of a combined artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted and traditional teaching model in enha...
BACKGROUND: Patients with gallstone-related biliary disease may deteriorate rapidly before definitive source control. This study aimed to develop an i...
BACKGROUND: Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), as the most prevalent chronic liver disease globally, is closely related to ...
BACKGROUND: Accurate assessment of the relationship between mandibular third molars and the mandibular canal is essential to reduce the risk of inferi...
OBJECTIVE: The current BTS guidelines recommend evaluation of suspicious pulmonary nodules using [18F]FDG-PET/CT imaging, followed by Herder model ris...
BACKGROUND: Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a progressive, fatal interstitial lung disease with limited curative therapeutic options. Yin-Huang-Qing-Fei (Y...
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death globally, and low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) screening reduces lung cancer mortality. The NHS En...
Cats frequently develop myocardial remodeling, for example, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, affecting 14.7% of domestic cats compared to 0.2% of humans, ...
BACKGROUND: The differentiation between benign and malignant persistent pulmonary ground-glass nodules (GGNs) remains challenging, and the relative va...
BACKGROUND: Chest CT requires breath-holding and ionizing radiation. 3D ultrashort echo time (UTE) MRI allows radiation-free imaging, but the image qu...
Atomic force microscopy (AFM) enables the nanoscale investigation of cellular mechanics, morphology, and molecular interactions under conditions that ...
As an emerging biomarker of lung cancer, developing a highly sensitive method for the combined detection of dual lncRNAs holds significant value for t...