Pulmonology

Dietary antioxidants and 10-year lung function decline in adults from the ECRHS survey.

The relationship between lung function decline and dietary antioxidants over 10 years in adults from three European countries was investigated.In 2002, adults from three participating countries of the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS) answered a questionnaire and underwent spirometry (forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV) and forced vital capacity (FVC)), which were repeated 10 ...

Development of an Inline Dry Powder Inhaler That Requires Low Air Volume.

BACKGROUND: Inline dry powder inhalers (DPIs) are actuated by an external air source and have distinct advantages for delivering aerosols to infants and children, and to individuals with compromised lung function or who require ventilator support. However, current inline DPIs either perform poorly, are difficult to operate, and/or require large volumes (∼1 L) of air. The objective of this study wa...

Effect of a short-term physical activity intervention on liver fat content in obese children.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is the most common chronic liver disease and can present with advanced fibrosis or nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. The ...

In vitro effects of virgin microplastics on fish head-kidney leucocyte activities.

Microplastics are well-documented pollutants in the marine environment that result from production or fragmentation of larger plastic items. The knowl...

Antibacterial mechanisms of a novel type picosecond laser-generated silver-titanium nanoparticles and their toxicity to human cells.

In this study, we explored the antibacterial mechanisms for a novel type of Ag-TiO compound nanoparticles (NPs) produced from an Ag-TiO alloy using a ...

Lung abscess caused by serotype 6B.

Lung abscess has been considered to be a rare complication of pneumococcal infection, and most cases are reported to be serotype 3. A 67-year-old man...

Non-Islet Cell Tumor Hypoglycemia: A Rare Cause of Hypoglycemia in Pulmonary Sarcomatoid Cancer.

Non-islet cell tumor hypoglycemia (NICTH) is a rare paraneoplastic condition caused most commonly by metastatic mesenchymal tumors. A 74-year-old non-...

An alternative method to measure the diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide in infants.

BACKGROUND: Lung diffusion assessed by the uptake of carbon monoxide (DL ) and alveolar volume (V ) by inert gas dilution are readily assessed in coop...

Radiologic and Functional Analysis of Compensatory Lung Growth After Living-Donor Lobectomy.

BACKGROUND: Whether compensatory lung growth occurs in adult humans is controversial. The aim of this study was to confirm compensatory lung growth by...

Anesthetic Efficacy of Gow-Gates Nerve Block, Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block, and Their Combination in Mandibular Molars with Symptomatic Irreversible Pulpitis: A Prospective, Randomized Clinical Trial.

INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this prospective, randomized clinical trial was to evaluate the anesthetic efficacy of the Gow-Gates nerve block (GGNB), ...

Defining lower airway bacterial infection in children with chronic endobronchial disorders.

BACKGROUND: Differentiating lower airway bacterial infection from possible upper airway contamination in children with endobronchial disorders undergo...

Chest wall dose reduction using noncoplanar volumetric modulated arc radiation therapy for lung stereotactic ablative radiation therapy.

PURPOSE: Stereotactic ablative radiation therapy (SABR) to lung tumors close to the chest wall can cause rib fractures or chest wall pain. We evaluate...

Biomarker and shear stress in secondary pediatric pulmonary hypertension.

Background/aim: Endothelial dysfunction, tissue damage, inflammation, and microthrombosis are involved in the pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension (...

Evaluation of a Urine-Based Rapid Molecular Diagnostic Test with Potential to Be Used at Point-of-Care for Pulmonary Tuberculosis: Cape Town Cohort.

Tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis among sputum-scarce patients is time consuming. Thus, a nonsputum diagnostic alternative is urgently needed. The Mycobacte...

Variability in Tidal Volume Affects Lung and Cardiovascular Function Differentially in a Rat Model of Experimental Emphysema.

In experimental elastase-induced emphysema, mechanical ventilation with variable tidal volumes (V) set to 30% coefficient of variation (CV) may result...

Bionalytical validation study for the determination of unbound ambrisentan in human plasma using rapid equilibrium dialysis followed by ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry.

Ambrisentan is a highly selective endothelin-1 type A receptor antagonist indicated for use in the treatment of pulmonary hypertension. In this study ...

Simultaneous determination of Vitamin A, 25-hydroxyl vitamin D α-tocopherol in small biological fluids by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

A sensitive method for the simultaneous analysis of vitamin A (VA), 25-hydroxyl vitamin D (25-OH VD) and α-tocopherol (VE) in children plasma by liqui...

The effect of intraoperative lung protective ventilation vs conventional ventilation, on postoperative pulmonary complications after cardiopulmonary bypass.

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of high positive-end expiratory pressure (PEEP) and low tidal volume (TV) and recruitment maneuver, on posto...

The serum activity of thioredoxin reductases 1 (TrxR1) is correlated with the poor prognosis in EGFR wild-type and ALK negative non-small cell lung cancer.

BACKGROUND: The thioredxin reductases 1 (TrxR1) is one of the major antioxidant and redox regulators in mammalian cells. Studies have shown that TrxR1...

Efficacy and safety of lebrikizumab in adult patients with mild-to-moderate asthma not receiving inhaled corticosteroids.

BACKGROUND: Asthma is a heterogeneous and complex disease in both its clinical course and response to treatment. IL-13 is central to Type 2 inflammati...