Pulmonology

Artificial intelligence as a second reader for pneumothorax detection: redirecting rather than reducing chest CT use.

BACKGROUND: Pneumothorax is a finding that is frequently missed in the emergency department, particu...

Single-session agreement of ChatGPT and Gemini treatment recommendations with multidisciplinary tumor board decisions in thoracic oncology.

BACKGROUND: To evaluate the single-session agreement between treatment recommendations generated by ...

Dosimetry of Inhaled Aerosols: From Exposure to Target Tissue Dose in Risk Assessment and Drug Delivery.

Inhaled aerosol dosimetry is a critical discipline bridging exposure to biological effect in both th...

Advancements in wearable technology for heart failure patients.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: While pharmacologic and device therapies have improved heart failure care in rece...

Admission-Based Machine-Learning Models for Predicting Mechanical Ventilation and Mortality in Fibrotic Interstitial Lung Disease: A Multicenter Cohort Study with External Validation.

BACKGROUND: Admission-based risk stratification tools are limited for hospitalized patients with fib...

Clinician Perspectives on Ambient AI Scribes in the Intensive Care Unit: Qualitative Interview Study.

BACKGROUND: In intensive care unit (ICU) settings, structured team-based communication, such as mult...

Diagnostic Model Construction of Mitochondrial-Mitophagy Related Genes and Their Regulatory Network and Potential Drug Discovery in Childhood Allergic Asthma.

Childhood allergic asthma (CAA) is a chronic airway inflammatory disorder driven by allergens, and i...

Deep Learning for Differentiating Pulmonary Metastasis from Primary Lung Cancer Constructed on Frozen Sections for Intraoperative Diagnosis.

The surgical procedures for primary lung cancer and metastatic lung tumors differ. An intraoperative...

Transformative Role of Advanced Neural Computation in Clinical Image Diagnostics: A Review of Key Concepts and Applications.

Medical imaging plays a crucial role in modern diagnostic practices, but traditional techniques ofte...

Development and Validation of an Explainable Machine Learning Model to Assess the Prevalence Probability of Gastrointestinal Heat Retention Syndrome in Children: Cross-Sectional Study.

BACKGROUND: Health problems associated with energy metabolism imbalance have received increasing att...

An attention-infused deep convolutional paradigm for multi-label classification of thoracic pathologies in chest radiographs.

This research proposes an empirical benchmarking study of an attention-infused deep convolutional fr...

Optimizing lung cancer diagnosis using improved fungal growth optimizer-based medical image segmentation.

Medical image segmentation is one of the most important processes in computer-aided diagnosis. It pl...

Lung Recruitment Maneuvers During Invasive Mechanical Ventilation: Single-Center Retrospective PICU Cohort Study, 2016-2023.

OBJECTIVES: Recruitment maneuvers (RMs) during invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) for acute hypox...

Severe community-acquired pneumonia: a paradigm shift toward precision diagnostics, microbiology, and targeted management.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Severe community-acquired pneumonia (sCAP) remains one of the most lethal infecti...

Correction: TB-DROP: deep learning-based drug resistance prediction of Mycobacterium tuberculosis utilizing whole genome mutations.

Lung ultrasound feature tracking to quantify regional lung strain in mechanically ventilated pigs.

BACKGROUND: In patients requiring respiratory support, clinicians rely on physical exam, radiologic,...

ADC Target Profiling in NSCLC: Generalizable AI Separates TROP-2 and cMET Phenotypes.

PURPOSE: Antibody-drug conjugates (ADC) targeting trophoblast cell surface antigen 2 (TROP-2) and cM...

Integrative machine learning and CRISPR/Cas9 analysis reveals the role of APOE in lipid metabolism-associated kidney fibrosis.

Kidney fibrosis, characterized by excessive extracellular matrix deposition and progressive renal ti...

Definitions and Severity/Risk Prediction Tools for Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia: A Scoping Review.

BACKGROUND: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) remains a major complication of extreme prematurity, bu...

A multi-fidelity poroelastic finite element and machine learning framework for characterizing respiratory mechanics in porcine lungs.

Accurate and rapid characterization of lung mechanics remains a central challenge in respiratory dis...

Behaviour artificial intelligence technology to support the decision-making process of continuation or withdrawal of life-sustaining therapy.

BACKGROUND: Withholding and withdrawing life-sustaining therapy (LST) is common in European ICUs but...