Pulmonology

[Segmentation of ground glass pulmonary nodules using full convolution residual network based on atrous spatial pyramid pooling structure and attention mechanism].

Accurate segmentation of ground glass nodule (GGN) is important in clinical. But it is a tough work to segment the GGN, as the GGN in the computed tomography images show blur boundary, irregular shape, and uneven intensity. This paper aims to segment GGN by proposing a fully convolutional residual network, , residual network based on atrous spatial pyramid pooling structure and attention mechanism...

CellDART: cell type inference by domain adaptation of single-cell and spatial transcriptomic data.

Deciphering the cellular composition in genome-wide spatially resolved transcriptomic data is a critical task to clarify the spatial context of cells in a tissue. In this study, we developed a method, CellDART, which estimates the spatial distribution of cells defined by single-cell level data using domain adaptation of neural networks and applied it to the spatial mapping of human lung tissue. Th...

Natural Language Processing to Identify Abnormal Breast, Lung, and Cervical Cancer Screening Test Results from Unstructured Reports to Support Timely Follow-up.

Cancer screening and timely follow-up of abnormal results can reduce mortality. One barrier to follow-up is the failure to identify abnormal results. ...

The Pitfalls of Using Open Data to Develop Deep Learning Solutions for COVID-19 Detection in Chest X-Rays.

Since the emergence of COVID-19, deep learning models have been developed to identify COVID-19 from chest X-rays. With little to no direct access to h...

ACRnet: Adaptive Cross-transfer Residual neural network for chest X-ray images discrimination of the cardiothoracic diseases.

Cardiothoracic diseases are a serious threat to human health and chest X-ray image is a great reference in diagnosis and treatment. At present, it has...

[Recent advances in diagnosis of pulmonary nodule].

With the popularization of health screening and the widespread use of low-dose computed tomography, the detection rate of lung nodules has increased y...

[Two Cases of Robot-Assisted Total Pelvic Exenteration and Intracorporeal Ileal Conduit for Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer].

We describe two cases of locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) treated with robot-assisted total pelvic exenteration (Ra-TPE) and intracorporeal ileal...

Chest X-ray Analysis With Deep Learning-Based Software as a Triage Test for Pulmonary Tuberculosis: An Individual Patient Data Meta-Analysis of Diagnostic Accuracy.

BACKGROUND: Automated radiologic analysis using computer-aided detection software (CAD) could facilitate chest X-ray (CXR) use in tuberculosis diagnos...

Integrating landmark modeling framework and machine learning algorithms for dynamic prediction of tuberculosis treatment outcomes.

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to establish an informative dynamic prediction model of treatment outcomes using follow-up records of tuberculosis (TB) pat...

CapsNet-COVID19: Lung CT image classification method based on CapsNet model.

The outbreak of the Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has posed a serious threat to human health and life around the world. As the number of COVID-...

Detection of all-cause advanced hepatic fibrosis using an ensemble machine learning framework.

Development and validation of an ensemble machine learning framework for detection of all-cause advanced hepatic fibrosis: a retrospective cohort study.

BACKGROUND: Cirrhosis is the result of advanced scarring (or fibrosis) of the liver, and is often diagnosed once decompensation with associated compli...

[Experience of Thoracotomy and Robot-assisted Bronchial Sleeve Resection 
after Neoadjuvant Chemoimmunotherapy for Local Advanced Central Lung Cancer].

BACKGROUND: Immunoneoadjuvant therapy opens a new prospect for local advanced lung cancer. The aim of our study was to explore the safety and feasibil...

Rapid SARS-CoV-2 Inactivation in a Simulated Hospital Room Using a Mobile and Autonomous Robot Emitting Ultraviolet-C Light.

The spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) since 2019 has made mask-wearing, physical distancing, hygiene, and disinfe...

First Performance Evaluation of an Artificial Intelligence-Based Computer-Aided Detection System for Pulmonary Nodule Evaluation in Dual-Source Photon-Counting Detector CT at Different Low-Dose Levels.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the image quality (IQ) and performance of an artificial intelligence (AI)-based computer-aided detect...

Invited Commentary: "Robotic Airway Resection Under Spontaneous Ventilation".

Comparative analysis of machine learning-based approaches for identifying therapeutic peptides targeting SARS-CoV-2.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has impacted public health as well as societal and economic well-being. In the last two decades, various predictio...

Active disease-related compound identification based on capsule network.

Pneumonia, especially corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19), can lead to serious acute lung injury, acute respiratory distress syndrome, multiple organ...

Bibliometric analyses of applications of artificial intelligence on tuberculosis.

BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis is one of the leading causes of death worldwide affecting mainly low- and middle-income countries. Therefore, the objective i...

An Efficient Method for Coronavirus Detection Through X-rays Using Deep Neural Network.

BACKGROUND: Coronavirus (COVID-19) is a group of infectious diseases caused by related viruses called coronaviruses. In humans, the seriousness of inf...