Latest AI and machine learning research in pulmonology for healthcare professionals.
BACKGROUND: Breath-hold PET imaging helps reduce respiratory motion artifacts in thoracoabdominal scans. However, its clinical application is limited by the short acquisition time, which results in significant image noise and poor lesion detectability. Enhancing image quality under such conditions remains a technical challenge. PURPOSE: To improve the image quality of 15-s breath-hold PET scans, w...
Lack of non-invasive biomarkers hinders pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) management. We developed a multidimensional machine learning framework to systematically evaluate five cell-free RNA (cfRNA)-derived host response modalities: immune cell infiltration, global transcriptional perturbation (expression- and rank-based), key genes, and gene pairs. While immune-cell and global perturbation models show...
The study of aerosol formation and chemistry using machine learning is limited by the lack of molecular descriptors suited to atmospheric compounds. I...
Renal fibrosis, a progressive pathological feature of chronic kidney disease (CKD), is driven by impaired autophagic processes and persistent immune a...
Aspiration is prevalent in the elderly population, and can lead to life-threatening conditions such as suffocation and aspiration pneumonia. However, ...
Nanoparticle-based drug delivery faces persistent challenges, including complex fabrication processes and limited lesional accumulation. Here we intro...
UNLABELLED: Cystic fibrosis (CF) alters gut physiology, yet its impact on microbial communities across colonic regions (ascending, transverse, descend...
BACKGROUND: Acute lung injury (ALI) involves the release of growth factors and inflammatory mediators from damaged pulmonary tissues, fostering endoth...
BACKGROUND: COVID-19 can have diverse clinical manifestations, ranging from asymptomatic infection to critical illness with multiorgan involvement. Wh...
BACKGROUND: Radiation pneumonitis (RP) is a serious complication in lung cancer patients with pre-existing interstitial lung disease (ILD) undergoing ...
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) possess potent immunomodulatory, pro-angiogenic, and regenerative capacities, offering broad clinical promise in rege...
BACKGROUND: Chronic diseases pose a heavy global burden, with challenges in utilizing unstructured data for continuous care. Natural language intellig...
BACKGROUND: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) hypersensitivity is a common cause of drug-related reactions in children. Pre-test risk strati...
BACKGROUND: Emerging evidence indicates that SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with aging, particularly in memory-related domains. However, the molec...
Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) is a member of the Paramyxoviridae family of viruses and has been associated with significant morbidity and mortality in ...
AIMS: To estimate the incidence of β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor - associated electrolyte imbalances and develop an internally validated, interpretab...
We address the challenge of leveraging complex lung transcriptomic data for nanosafety by re-optimizing the Transcriptomic Response Index (TRI) as a s...
BACKGROUND: Patients with heart failure (HF) frequently suffer from undetected declines in cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), which significantly increa...
Recent advances in cough sound analysis using deep learning techniques enable smartphone-based respiratory disease screening suitable for self-managem...